Trademarked
Jardiance
Empagliflozin
Promote renal excretion of glucose
SGLT-2
Semaglutide, liraglutide, dulaglutide
GLP-1
A1c for diagnosis of diabetes
>6.5
Initial treatment for DKA
FLUIDS!
Wegovy/Ozempic
Increase insulin release and slow gastric emptying
GLP-1
Dapagliflozin, empagliflozin
SGLT-2
A1c screening (who and how often)
Adults 40-70 who have overweight or obesity, q3years
Treatment if K <3.5
Delay insulin and give KCl until K > 3.5
Farxiga
Dapagliflozin
Activates beta-cells to release insulin
Sulfonylurea
Metformin
Biguanides
First-line therapy for new diabetes diagnosis
Medical nutrition therapy
Formula used to determine when to stop insulin infusion
Anion gap Na - (Cl + HCO3-)
Trulicity
Dulaglutide
Decreases carbohydrate absorption
Acarbose
Glipizide, glyburide
Sulfonylureas
When should insulin be initiated?
A1c >9-10
Rate of correction for hyponatremia
4-8mEq over first 24hrs (no more than 10-12mEq)
Tradjenta
Linagliptin
Inhibits glucagon and decreases gastric emptying
Amylin Analogue (Pramlintide)
Sitagliptin, linagliptin
GIP/DPP4i
How do you calculate insulin requirements in insulin-naive patients?
Weight (kg) x 0.3-0.5 = total requirement
Total/2 = basal/bolus
Basal/3 = mealtime
Gold-standard lab for diagnosing DKA
Beta-hydroxybutyrate