Pathophysiology
This organ produces insulin
What is the pancreas?
specifically the beta cells found in the islets of Langerhans
A blood glucose level ranging from 140 mg/dL (fasting) to 200 mg/dL (after meals)
What is the normal blood glucose ranges for diabetic patients?
"Client will maintain glucose levels in a satisfactory range within 24 hours"
What is a nursing diagnosis goal?
Exercise, meditation, aroma therapy, etc.
What is stress management techniques?
This is small device worn on the outside of your body. A tube connects a reservoir of insulin to a catheter that’s inserted under the skin of your abdomen.
What is an insulin pump?
This type of diabetes is caused by the failure of pancreatic beta cells to produce insulin, primarily affects children and young adults, and is unrelated to diet
What is Type I diabetes?
Polyuria: increased urination
Polydipsia: increased thirst
Polyphagia: increased appetite
What is the classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus, also known as the “3 Ps"?
This type starts working around 30 minutes after injection. It reaches peak effect at 120 minutes and lasts about 4-6 hours.
Examples are Humulin R, Novolin R and Afrezza.
What is short acting insulin/regular insulin?
A diabetic is more likely to develop what mental health disorder
What is depression?
Metformin (Fortamet, Glumetza) generally the first medication prescribed for type 2 diabetes.
Sulfonylureas help your body secrete more insulin.
Glinides stimulate the pancreas to secrete more insulin.
What is medications to treat Type II diabetes?
This type of diabetes is caused by insulin resistance
What is Type II diabetes?
A blood test that provides your average levels of blood glucose over the last 3 months
What is hemoglobin A1C (HBA1C) test?
This type of insulin starts working within 15 minutes. It reaches peak effect at 60 minutes and lasts about 4 hours. This should be taking 20 minutes before meals.
Examples are glulisine, lispro, aspart.
What is rapid-acting insulin?
Doctors recommend at least 30 minutes a day, 5+ days a week of this
What is exercise?
especially recommended for diabetics to control blood glucose levels
Insulin
Monitoring their blood sugar
Eating healthy diet
Exercise regularly
What is treatment for Type I diabetes?
family history of diabetes
history of gestational diabetes
impaired glucose metabolism
race/ethnicity
What is risk factors for diabetes?
In type I this will be low/absent and in type II this will be normal to high
What is serum insulin?
Hemoglobin A1C blood values of 5.7% to 6.4%
What is prediabetes?
This helps determine what does of insulin to administer
What is a sliding scale?
Wounds caused by insufficient blood supply which leads to ischemia of surrounding tissue
What is arterial wounds?
peripheral nerve damage caused by micovascular complications; one of the most common complications of diabetes
What is diabetic neuropathy?
ABG values of low pH, normal PaCO2, and decreased HCO3
What is diabetic keto acidosis (DKA)?
This type of insulin starts working in about 1-3 hours. It reaches peak effect at 6-8 hrs and lasts 12-24 hrs.
Examples are NPH (Novolin N, Humulin N).
What is intermediate-acting insulin?
This helps wounds heal faster by keeping moisture in
What is closed wound care?
Wounds caused by pooling of blood in one area which increases pressure on larger blood vessels
What is venous wounds?