Mechanism of Action
This class of T2D medications works primarily to "sensitize" muscle, fat, and liver cells, reducing insulin resistance
What are the Glitazones (or TZDs) ?
One of the oldest classes of T2D medications, this class increases the risk of hypoglycemia
What are sulfonyureas?
Since this T2D class of meds poses the greatest risk for hypoglycemia, monitor for signs & symptoms of low blood sugar.
What are the sulfonyureas?
This medication is typically used as the first-line non-insulin choice for T2D
What is metformin?
These hormones are released in the intestine and stimulate the pancreas to increase the release of insulin
What are incretins?
This class of medications stimulates the pancrease to release more insulin
What are the sulfonyureas?
Although rare, this T2D medication can cause lactic acidosis
What is metformin?
Do not give this class of T2D meds to persons with bowel disorders.
What are Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors?
The oldest drug classfication of currently available T2D medications.
What are the sulfonyureas?
These cells are found in the pancreas and release insulin in response to a rise in blood sugar.
What are beta cells?
This class of T2D medications works primarily in the liver
What are the biguanides?
These classes of T2D medications can cause injection site reactions - name one.
What is Human Amylin or Glucagonlike peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists?
Since this classification of T2D meds can cause fluid retention, monitor for edema and weight gain.
What are the Glitazones (TZDs)?
One of the 2 classes on injectable T2D medications.
What is the Glucagonlike Peptide-1 Agonists (GLP-1 agonists)?
OR What is Human Amylin?
Metform decreases glucose production in the liver by preventing the breakdown of this substance.
What is glycogen?
This class of T2D medications slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine
What are the Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors?
Because these T2D meds work in the kidney, they are associated with urinary adverse reactions, including UTIs and increased urination
What are the SGLT-2 inhibitors?
Suspend use of this med 48 hours before and after tests using contrast agents to prevent renal failure.
What is metform (glucophage)?
This class of T2D meds is short acting and used most often at meals to treat blood sugar spikes or surges.
What is the meglitinides? (Or glinides)
The risk of insulin resistance is greatly increased by the presence of this risk factor.
What is obesity?
This class of T2D medications inhibit the breakdown of incretins in the intestine.
What are DDP-4 Inhibitors
This class of T2D medications can cause fluid retention and therefore should not be used with patients in heart failure.
What are Glitazones (TZDs)?
Teach patients to rotate injection sites when using a short acting (daily) or long acting (weekly) med in this T2D class.
What are the Glucagonlike Peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1)
This class of T2D meds is also known as the incretin mimetics.
What is the Glucagonlike Peptide-1 Agonists (GLP-1) Agonists?
The diagnostic test considered to be most useful in monitoring the effects of pharmacologic therapy.
What is the A1C?