The description of Calcium Oxalate stones on microscopy.
What is an envelope-like appearance.
100
Do adults have more Lymphocytes or Monocytes present in normal CSF, in comparison with newborns?
What is more Lymphocytes (70%) whereas newborns have 30% Lymphocytes (and 70% monocytes).
100
Which material is MOST radiopaque (dense) on imaging- Air, Soft Tissue, Bone, Metal, or Fluid?
What is metal.
100
Hemolysis results in significant increased value of this electrolyte.
What is Potassium.
100
Marginal erosions are typically seen in this type of arthritis.
What is RA.
200
This urine test is very helpful in detecting EARLY renal disease.
What is Urine Microalbumin.
200
Monosodium urate crystals are found in synovial fluid in what condition?
What is gout.
200
A "slipped epiphysis" is another way of referring to this Salter Harris fracture.
What is a Salter Harris I fracture.
200
This electrolyte helps to maintain water distribution.
What is Sodium.
200
This imaging study for nephrolithiasis is preferable for showing small stones and ureteral calculi.
What is a CT scan.
300
Two clinical scenarios in which ketones are detected in the urine.
What are: Diabetes Mellitus, Diet, Severe diarrhea, Acute febrile illness, cold exposure
300
Deep yellow colored synovial fluid is typically indicative of this.
What is inflammation/an inflammatory condition.
300
Stress fractures come in 2 typical varieties. What are they?
Hint (I & F)
What are Insufficiency Fractures and Fatigue Fractures.
300
Diarrhea and vomiting will cause a _____ (increase/decrease) in Potassium levels.
What is a DECREASE.
300
A patient presents to the ER with the worst headache of his/her life. You should immediately order this imaging test.
BONUS 100 points: You are assessing for this emergent condition.
What is a CT scan.
BONUS: What is SAH.
400
The presence of these 2 substances in a urinalysis is indicative of a bacterial infection.
What are Nitrites & Leukocyte Esterase.
400
Transudate vs. Exudate.
Infection, Malignancy, & Trauma are all examples of a(n) ___________.
What is an Exudate.
400
At what age does the USPSTF recommend biennial screening mammography?
What is age 50.
400
Increase in PTH levels causes Calcium levels to do this.
What is to INCREASE.
400
Retroperitoneal air on imaging can occur in this clinical scenario.
What is a perforated duodenal ulcer or trauma.
500
Elevated Urobilinogen can be seen in this clinical scenario.
What is liver disease, bile duct obstruction, or hemolysis.
500
How do you tell the difference between a traumatic spinal tap and a subarachnoid hemorrhage?
What is a different distribution of blood. In traumatic tap the first tube will be bloody, then it will clear up in subsequent tubes. In SAH blood will be consistently distributed in all tubes of CSF. Clots present in traumatic tap but not in SAH.
500
A displaced fat pad is indicative of a fracture at this joint.
What is the elbow.
500
A patient with alcoholism will often have an abnormal Magnesium level. This level is typically ____ (low/high).
What is low (Hypomagnesemia). Alcohol causes renal loss of Magnesium.
500
Creatinine over this value means no IV contrast on CT imaging.