Fats
This type of fat is typically solid at room temperature and is found in animal products like butter and lard.
What is saturated fat?
This type of carbohydrate is found in foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and is essential for digestive health.
What is dietary fiber?
These proteins act as biological catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions in the body.
What are enzymes?
This term describes the amount of energy expended while at rest.
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR) or basal energy expenditure (BEE)?
These terms refer to the movement of nutrients through the circulatory system from one area of the body to another and the vehicle that facilitates this process.
What are proteins and transport/transportation?
This type of fat, often in processed foods, is known to increase the risk of heart disease.
What are trans fats?
This simple sugar, commonly found in fruits and honey, is the sweetest of all naturally occurring carbohydrates.
What is fructose?
This plant-based protein source is considered a complete protein because it contains all nine essential amino acids.
What is soy?
The unit of measurement that is used to quantify the amount of energy provided by food.
What is a kilocalorie?
This process involves breaking down food in the gastrointestinal tract to release nutrients in forms that the body can absorb.
What is digestion?
This type of unsaturated fat, found in olive oil and avocados, is considered heart healthy.
What are monosaturated fats?
These sweeteners, which include aspartame, monk fruit extract, and stevia, are used as alternatives to sugar in food products. They provide a sweet taste without adding kilocalories, making them popular in “diet foods.”
What are nonnutritive sweeteners?
Eating a large amount of protein, particularly from animal sources, is associated with this increased health risk, which includes insulin resistance and other related conditions.
What are increased cardiometabolic diseases?
This polysaccharide is the main storage form of carbohydrate in the body, primarily stored in the liver and muscle tissue.
What is glycogen?
This process involves breaking down large substances into smaller units, such as converting stored glycogen into glucose.
What is catabolism?
This fat-related compound, a sterol synthesized only in animal tissues, is primarily synthesized in the liver.
What is cholesterol?
These carbohydrates, which include monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and galactose, require no digestion and are quickly absorbed into the bloodstream. They consist of one or two saccharide units.
What are simple carbohydrates?
This practice involves combining different plant protein foods to ensure all indispensable amino acids are included in the diet.
What are complementary proteins?
This term refers to the energy, derived from food, that powers both voluntary and involuntary body functions.
What is adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?
These small, finger-like projections cover the folds of the mucosal lining in the small intestine, significantly increasing the exposed surface area for nutrient absorption.
What are villi?