DIFFUSION

CELL REVIEW

100

What is the structure that serves as the cell's boundary from its environment?

Cell Membrane

200

What is the control center of the cell?

NUCLEUS

300

Name at least two differences between plant and animal cells.

Plant cells:

1. Have chloroplasts

2. Have a cell wall

3. Have a larger water vacuole

400

What organelle is responisble for the release of ENERGY?

Mitochondria

500

What is one main difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

PROKARYOTES DO NOT have a NUCLEUS EUKARYOTES HAVE a NUCLEUS

DIFFUSION

100

TRUE or FALSE: Facilitated diffusion requires the use of energy.

FALSE. Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport (requires NO ENERGY).

200

In DIFFUSION molecules move from _______ concentration to _______ concentration.

HIGH concentration --> LOW concentration

300

Diffusion is a type of __________ transport.

PASSIVE

400

List one factor that determines if a molecule will diffuse through a membrane.

1. Size

2. Charge

3. Concentration

4. Temperature

500

Facilitated (facilitate=to make easier) diffusion requires the use of _______ ________.

Transport proteins

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

100

TRUE or FALSE: Active transport requires the use of ENERGY

True

200

What kind of energy does active transport require?

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

300

What is a selectively permeable membrane?

A membrane that allows some molecules and other particles to enter and exit while blocking others

400

Active transport is the movement of molecules from an area of ______ concentration to an area of _______ concentration.

Active transport = 

Low concentration --> High concentration

500

List TWO differences between active transport and diffusion.

1. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration. While Active Transport is the movement of molecules from an area of LOW concentration to an area of HIGH concentration.

2. Diffusion DOES NOT require energy while Active Transport DOES requires energy

OSMOSIS

100

TRUE or FALSE: Osmosis requires the use of ENERGY

False

200

Osmosis is a type of ________________ transport

passive

300

How is OSMOSIS different that DIFFUSION

OSMOSIS refers only to water molecules while DIFFUSION refers to all different types of molecules.

400

In osmosis water molecules move from ___________ concentrations to ____________ concentrations.

HIGH concentration --> LOW concentration

500

An animal cell surrounded by fresh water will burst because the OSMOTIC PRESSURE causes

WATER to move INTO THE CELL.

SOLUTIONS

100

What are the three types of solutions?

Hypotonic, Hypertonic & Isotonic

200

In an ISOTONIC solution, what happens to cell size? WHY?

Cell size remains constant because water moves into and out the cell at EQUAL rates.

300

In a salt solution (made of water+salt), what is the SOLUTE and what is the SOLVENT?

Solute = SALT Solvent = Water

400

What kind of a solution can cause a cell to shrink?

1. Salt water

2. Sugar water

500

In a HYPOtonic solution the solution has a _________ concentration of solutes than the cell. Water will diffuse ______ the cell causing the cell to ________.

HYPOtonic solution = solution has a LOWER concentration of solutes than the cell. Water will diffuse INTO the cell causing the cell to GROW LARGER.