Digestive system
Where does the first step of the digestive system take place?
Mouth
What is the function of the esophagus?
Transports food from the mouth to the stomach
What are the organelles that are only found in plants?
cell wall and chloroplasts
Define Enzyme
a chemical that speeds up a chemical reaction in the body.
List the greenhouse gasses that cause the greenhouse effect.
carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and fluorinated gases
Name the MAIN digestive system organs in the correct order (Hint: 5 organs)
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
What is mechanical digestion?
Breaking down of materials by breaking, tearing, crushing and mashing
What is the function of mitochondria?
energy production
Name an enzyme that breaks down proteins
Pepsin/Trypsin
What is the difference between global warming and climate change?
Global warming: the increase in Earth’s average surface temperature due to rising levels of greenhouse gases.
Climate change: a long-term change in the Earth’s climate, or of a region on Earth.
What is the function of the small intestines?
Absorbs all the nutrients and sends it through to the rest of the body.
What is chemical digestion?
The breaking down of food into smaller pieces by chemicals like saliva or enzymes
What is the difference in the appearance (NOT FUNCTION) of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum contains ribosomes, and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum does not
Name an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates
Amylase
What is the main role of the ozone layer?
Ozone is an important protector of life on the Earth's surface. This is due to its function as a protective filter against ultraviolet radiation from the Sun. Ozone is responsible for mainly absorbing the Sun's rays that are found in the wavelength between 280 and 320 nm.
What is the main function of the large intestines?
Absorbs water and compacts the waste
Which process involves the breakdown of large fat droplets into smaller droplets
Emulsification
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?
Modification and packaging of proteins
Name an enzyme that breaks down lipids
Lipase
What do we call pesticides that are used against weeds?
What is the potential risk associated with the overuse of pesticides?
Herbicides
Excessive use and misuse of pesticides result in contamination of surrounding soil and water sources, causing loss of biodiversity, destroying beneficial insect populations that act as natural enemies of pests and reducing the nutritional value of food
What is the primary function of digestive enzymes in the human body?
To break down complex food molecules into simpler, absorbable forms
What are the structures in the small intestine that absorb nutrients
Villi
What is the main feature of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells?
Nucleus
What fluid is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It helps with digestion and breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the digestive tract.
Bile
What enzyme breaks down proteins into amino acids in the digestive system?
what is pepsin