Chlamydia
The antibiotic used to treat pregnant women who have Chlamydia.
What is Azithromycin
What is blindness
The number of cases of Gonorrhea in 2023, according to the CDC.
What is 600,000
The antibiotic used to treat Syphilis.
What is penicillin
Name of the infections in which the bacteria(s) is(are) obligate intracellular parasites.
What is Chlamydia and Syphilis
The number of cases of Chlamydia in 2023, according to the CDC.
What is 1.6 million
The name of the bacteria and serotypes that cause Trachoma
What is Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes A-C
The antibiotic used to treat Gonorrhea.
What is Ceftriaxone
Age bracket of the majority of cases of Syphilis
What is 30-34
The antibiotic that the bacteria that causes Gonorrhea has developed a resistance against.
What is penicillin
The name of the bacteria that causes Chlamydia.
What is Chlamydia trachomatis
Name and explain the THREE ways in which Trachoma can be transmitted.
Fomite- nonliving object transfers bacteria
Hand-to-hand- living person transfers to another living person
Flies - fly transfers bacteria
Explain why men have higher rates of Gonorrhea than women.
What is 50% of women are asymptomatic
The number of cases of Syphilis in 2023, according to the CDC.
What is 209,000
The number of STI's reported in 2023 according to the CDC.
What is 2.4 million cases
Three ways in which Chlamydia is diagnosed.
What is
-demonstration of leukocyte exudate (see pus)
-exclusion of urethral chlamydia by gram-stain and culture (swab for bacteria, then stain and culture it),
-NAAT (Nucleic Acid Amplification Test)
The two antibiotics used to treat Trachoma
What is Azithromycin and Tetracycline
The name of the bacteria that causes Gonorrhea.
What is Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Explain how the location of the most reported cases of Syphilis in the United States in 2023 is different than the locations of the most reported cases of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea in the United States in 2023.
Syphilis- All over the US (Out west, southeast, Ohio, Alaska) Chlamydia and Gonorrhea - mainly southeast
Gonorrhea when it spreads via blood to joints, heart, and throat.
What is Disseminated Gonococcal Infection
Explain why women have higher rates of Chlamydia than men
What is women go to the doctor more men (particularly for feminine health) and the female anatomy is a better environment for the bacteria to settle and infection occur.
1. Blood vessels grown towards cornea. They physically block front of eye,not letting light in, making vision blurry.
2. Blood vessels grown towards cornea. Allows immune cells come to eye causing inflammation and scaring. Scaring blocks vision further and cannot be reversed.
3. Inside of eyelids get scared and keep scratching the eyeball.
4. Scars on inside of eyelids cause eyelashes to turn inward and scratch eyes more, causing more damage.
Explain the 5 steps of pathogenicity of the bacteria that causes Gonorrhea.
1. Bacteria uses pili to attached to surface of cells and prevent it from being flushed away.
2. Bacteria enter cells, start replicating, and release LOS which acts as a toxin
3. LOS triggers immune system, causing host cells to release TNF- a
4. TNF-a attracts more immune cells to the site of infection (increase vascular permeability). Leads to swelling, redness, pain, and pus.
5. TNF- a production and immune cells lead to tissue damage, contributing to discharge and burning sensation. If untreated causes infection to spread deeper, and cause complication.
The name of the bacteria that causes Syphilis
What is Treponema pallidum
Name and explain the 4 stages of Syphilis
What is:
Primary - Chancre forms (small, painless, reddened ulcer) at the site of the infection that contains spirochetes (active growth and replication)
Secondary-Highly variable skin rash
Latent- No visible signs of symptoms
Tertiary- Formation of gummas (degenerative lesions) in skin, bone, and nervous system . Leads to brain and cardiovascular diseases (Memory loss, deafness, paralysis, neurological problems)