Students with Multiple Disabilities
The definition of a students with multiple disabilities.
students that have a combination of disabilities that can cause unique challenges to the individual and to the family.
Definition of hearing impairment
An impairment in hearing, whether permanent or fluctuating that affects a child's educational performance but is not considered deafness.
Definition of visual impairment
A term to describe any kind of vision loss
Definition of autism
Effects a person's social skills, verbal skills, and sensory processing. It is a spectrum, which means some people are affected more severely than others
Definition of ADHD
Primarily characterized by inattention (lack of focus), impulsive (lack of self-control in decisions), and/or hyperactivity (lack of self-control physically)
Two causes of multiple disabilities
Any two of the following:
Chromosomal Abnormalities
Postnatal Difficulties
Gestational (Prematurity)
Maldevelopment of the brain and/or spinal cord
Infections
Genetic Disorders
Injuries from accidents
Percent of students with a type of hearing impairment
19.5% or about 1-6 in every 1000
Amount of people in the word with visual impairments
285 million people
2 signs that a student has autism
poor contact or response to facial cues
Not enjoying being touched or personal affection
Deficit in social skills
How much of the population has ADHD/OHI
6% of the population
The percent of students with multiple disabilities in the United States
2% or over 160,000 students in the United States
Three types of hearing impairments
Conductive sound, which cannot reach the inner ear
Sensorineural hearing loss, which develops as a consequence of damage in the nerves in the ears
And a combination of both
3 Warning signs that a person has visual impairment
Irregular eye movements (eyes that move separately or eyes that seem unfocused on someone/something they’re looking at)
Usual habits involving the eye (covering up one eye, squinting, frequently rubbing the eyes)
Sitting abnormally close to a television or holding a book very close to their face to read
How does social processing effect students with autism
They are hypersensitive to certain stimuli, and can become overwhelmed, resulting in rash behaviors.
Strengths of students with ADHA
Curiosity
Creativity
Lots of energy
Empathy
Enthusiasm
Three out of four impairments of students with multiple disabilities
Hampered speech and communication skills
Challenges with mobilities
Tendency to forget skills through misuse
Need for assistance in performing day to day activities
Difference between hearing impairments and deafness
The amount of decibels the ear is able to pick up, usually hearing impairment can hear sounds less than 90 decibels, while deaf people cannot.
Percent of time students with visual impairments spend in a general inclusion classroom
80%
What are 2 instructional strategies that will help students with autism
Keeping the instructions simple
Differentiating instruction
Using visuals and graphic organizers
Characteristics of students with ADHD
Daydreaming
Forgetfulness
Squirming and Fidgeting
Inappropriate Talking
Careless Mistakes
Lack of Self-Control
Impatience
Social Challenges
All three learning characteristics that most students with multiple disabilities have.
Trouble generalizing skills from one situation to another
Needing support in major life activities
May have trouble recollecting skills and memories through lack of practice.
Essential strategies in ensuring students with hearing loss succeed
Having classroom rules, assignments, and other essential information written down and posted around the room. Instructions on the whiteboard when students enter the classroom. Integration of different hearing technologies and text to speak devices.
4 tips and/or strategies for integrating students with visual impairments
1. Sensory learning
2. Avoiding excessive furniture
3. Well-defined areas
4. Materials in a consistent location
5. Use of assistive technology
What type of social cues do students with autism have trouble processing?
Facial expressions, tone of voice, certain jokes or forms of expression
Challenges of students with ADHD
Lack of time and attention on-task
Impaired long-term memory
Too much “wait time”: challenges with getting started and completing tasks
Being easily frustrated
Emotional outbursts and mood swings
Negative self-talk
Challenges with simultaneously holding facts and manipulating information
Challenges in complex problem solving