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The science of the materials that make up the universe-what they are made of, how they interact, and how they change.
What is chemistry?
Substance that has mass and takes up space.
What is matter?
A form of matter that has definite shape.
What is a solid?
A form of matter that does not have a definite shape nut has a definite volume. A liquid comforts to the shape of its container.
What is a liquid?
A form of matter that has no definite shape, weight, or size. The volume (size) of a gas is related to its temperature and the pressure being placed on it by its environment.
What is a gas?
A hot gas whose matter is broken into charged particles. This exists in areas of extreme heat, like the center of stars.
What is plasma?
The smallest form of matter (which can not be cut into different pieces.) These are made up of a number of smaller particles, the most important of which are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
What are atoms?
W specific form of matter composed of only one type of atom. These cannot be divided into different types of matter. These are classified by the number of protons in an stomp's of that thing.
What is an element?
Two or more elements combined chemically. This things has different chemical properties than those its individual elements, and it can only be separated by chemical means.
What is compound?
Two or more elements that are combined physically rather than chemically. They individual elements retain their own chemical properties and can be separated by physical means.
What is mixture?
A subatomic particle that makes up protons and neutrons. These are divided into "up" ___, which have a charge of positive 2/3 and "down" ___, which have a charge of negative 1/3. Protons are made of two up ___ and one down ___, giving them a total charge of positive one. Neutrons are made of two down ___ and one up ___ giving them a total charge of zero.
What are quarks?
A Family of particles (as electrons, muons, and neutrons) that experience no strong forces.
What is a lepton?
A variation of an atom or atoms based on the loss or gain of an electron/ This changes the charge of the atom.
What are ions?
The total average number of protons and neutrons in an atom. A measurement of this in an atoms can be estimated by calculating the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus.
What is atomic mass?
The number of protons contained in an atom. Each element has its own invariable ____. This thing is often used to identify elements.
What is an atomic number?
The name for a row in the periodic table of elements. Periods are determined by the highest energy level where electrons can be found in an atom of that element. Elements found in the lower ____ of the periodic table have much higher energy than those found in the upper ___.
What are periods?
The name for a column in the periodic table of elements. These are generally divided based on the number of valence electrons in an atom of he element. In the United States, these are numbered white Roman numerals and capital letters.
What are groups?
In the periodic table of elements, one of the three broad categories into which elements are classified based of their properties. These are good conductors of electricity and have a metallic sheen.
What are metals?
In the periodic table of elements, one of the three broad categories into which elements are classified based of their properties. These, in solid form, do not gleam, are poor conductors, and tend to be fragile.
What are nonmetals?
In the periodic table of elements, one of the three broad categories into which elements are classified based of their properties. These sootiness have the metallic gleam of metals but are more fragile. They can conduct heat and electricity bit not as well as metals.
What are metalloids?
A system of organization for the elements. Elements are positioned based on their atomic number and type. This thing lists information about each element, including atomic number, atomic mass, and symbol.
What is the periodic table of elements?
A variation of an element based on the number of neutrons in it's nucleus.
What is an isotope?
An atoms that has lost an electron. These have more protons that electrons, giving them a positive charge.
What are cations?
An atom that has gained and electron. These have amore electrons that protons, giving them a negative charge.
What is an anion?
The central core of an atom. This is made of protons and neutrons. The electrons circle around this thing.
What is a nucleus?