Definition
Isotopes
are two of more atoms of the same elements that have different numbers of neutrons and the same number of protons and electrons
What is the mass of Nitrogen in grams?
14.01 amu to grams
14.01 amu X 1.66x10-24 / 1 amu = 2.326-23 g
Symbol for Silicon
Si
What is the formula for frequency
f=c/h
What is the formula for energy?
E=h.f
Radioactive decay
the spontaneous process where an unstable atomic nucleus transforms into a more stable state by emitting radiation in the form of particles or waves
convert 408 nm to meter
408 nm X (10-9 m/ 1 nm) = 4.08 x 107 m
What is the most abundant isotope of Chlorine?
35Cl
Which light has a higher frequency: orange light or green light?
Green light
Heated lithium atoms emit photons of light with an energy of 2.961 × 10−19 J. Calculate the frequency of one of these photons.
4.469 x 1014 Hz
Physical constant
a quantity in nature that never changes
A specific isotope of carbon has a mass of 2.159×10-23 g. what is its mass in amu? what would be the symbol ( including the mass number) for the isotope? Is this isotope stable or radioactive?
2.159×10-23 g X (1 amu / 1.66×10-24 g) = 13 amu
13C
Stable
What element has 9 protons , 9 electrons and 10 neutrons?
Fluorine
What is the frequency of a light that has a wavelength of 545nm?
5.50 x 1014 Hz
Calculate the frequency and the energy of blue light that has a wavelength of 400 nm (h = 6.62 x 10-34 J-s).
f= 7.5 x 1014 Hz
E = 4.97 x 10-19 J
the lowest energy state for a particle
convert 5.11 x 10-7 m to nm
511 nm
How many protons, electrons, and neutrons are in Bromine-80
35 protons, 35 electrons, and 45 neutrons
An FM radio station found at 103.1 on the FM dial broadcasts at a frequency of 1.031 × 108 s−1 (103.1 MHz). What is the wavelength of these radio waves in meters?
2.908 m
Calculate the wavelength and energy of light that has a frequency of 1.5 x 1015 Hz.
f= 2.0 x 10-7 m
E = 9.95 x 10-19 J
Spectroscopy
identifies unknown substances by analyzing the light they emit or absorb
An electromagnetic wave has a wavelength of 128 m. What is that in nanometers? Using your electromagnetic spectrum what could it be?
128 m x (1 nm/10-9 m) = 1.28 x 1011 nm
A type of radio wave
An electron in an atom emits light of wavelength 350nm to get to its ground state. Another electron in another but same atom emits light of wavelength 101 nm to get to its ground state. Which electron jumped from the orbit with the higher value of n?
101 nm
What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength and frequency and energy?
frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional
frequency and energy are directly proportional
A photon of light has a wavelength of 5.0 m. Calculate its energy.
E = 3.98 x 10-22 J