Indians
Why were the Native Americans originally called Indians?
Columbus called them Indians because he thought that he landed in India.
What was the Age of Exploration?
period when Europeans discovered the Americas & started to colonize the Americas, Africa, and Asia.
Who were the Conquistadors?
Explorers & soldiers of fortune in the New World
Which explorer is credited with finding the New World?
Christopher Columbus.
Roanoke Island.
What is Animism?
Belief that all living & nonliving things have spirits.
What was the name of the Italian Merchant who informed Europeans about his experiences in China when the Mongols ruled?
Marco Polo.
What was Ponce de Leon known for?
First to land on the North American continent.
Landed at modern-day St. Augustine.
Called it Florida & claiming it for Spain.
Looking for fountain of youth.
Who was the first to round the tip of Africa? And who did he sail for?
Bartholomew Dias.
Portuguese.
What was the significance of the Armada's defeat?
Preserved England from Spanish and RC domination.
Accelerated decline of Spain
Established England as Sea power.
English Protestants settled America.
What was 1 similarity between Native groups? What is 1 difference between Native groups?
1 similarity - Physical Characteristics, no alphabet or written language, common beliefs of religion & life, tribes had medicine men, land belonged to all in group/village, not one person.
What were the motives for exploration?
#1- Needed new trade routes
#2- Heard rumors of gold
#3- Crusaders wanted to weaken Muslim Empires
Which conquistador is called the greatest of the conquistadors and massacred and conquered the Aztecs?
Hernan Cortes.
What did Martin Luther do?
Sparked the Protestant Reformation.
Eastern Woodland Indians.
What group of Native Americans were known as cliff dwellers?
Pueblo Indians
What were the 4 Navigational Aids?
Maps, Compass, Astrolabe, Caravel.
Wanted to exploit America.
Wanted to spread Catholicism.
Made Natives into slaves.
What is Ferdinand Magellan known for?
his voyage was the first to circumnavigate the earth.
Who is the "father of New France"?
Samuel de Champlain.
What was the name of most famous mound of the Mound Builders Indians?
Great Serpent Mound.
What is Mercantilism? What is the Goal of a Nation in Mercantilism?
Economic belief that wealth of colonies should only benefit the mother country. The Goal, is to acquire colonies, become self-sufficient, and maintain a favorable balance of trade.
What is the encomienda system?
labor system in which the Natives were forced to work on Spanish plantations & mines.
What is the name of the one-legged governor of New Netherland who ruled the colony harshly?
Peter Stuyvesant.
What is an Indulgence?
certificate pardoning the punishment of sin by paying money.
Why was the League of 6 nations formed and who was in it?
It was the original Iroquois league that formed to reduce conflict & work together.
Mohawk, Oneida, Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Tuscarora.
What is the Description of the world?
book that told of endless gold, silk, & spices in Far East.
Written by Marco Polo.
What was the Spanish Armada and what was its mission?
fleet of 130 Spanish ships & 30,000 soldiers.
Sent to invade England & restore Catholicism there.
What was the name of the captain who defeated the Spanish Armada?
Sir Francis Drake.
What 2 countries led early exploration?
Spain and Portugal.