PFTs
The amount of air that moves into and out of the lungs with each normal, quiet breath
Tidal Volume (VT)
Which category of disease is indicated by a decreased FEV1/FVC
Obstructive
Which disease is characterized by reversible airway obstruction and bronchial hyperresponsiveness?
Asthma
The pediatric illness that presents with a barking cough and inspiratory stridor and is often worse at night.
Croup
The additional amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal, quiet inspiration.
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Which category of disease is represented by a Normal or Increased FEV1/FVC with a decreased TLC
Restrictive
Which chronic disease includes emphysema and chronic bronchitis?
COPD
An occupational disease caused by the inhalation of silica dust
silicosis
A life-threatening condition that presents with drooling, dysphagia
Epiglottitis
the additional amount of air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal, passive exhalation
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)
Air trapping causes an increase in this lung volume
Residual Volume (RV)
Increased Radiolucency on Xray indicates
Air trapping
What is commonly seen on Xray of a patient with Pulmonary Fibrosis
Honeycombing
The Steeple sign is a classic Xray finding
Croup
the maximum amount of air a person can move in and out of the lungs
VT+IRV+ERV
Vital Capacity (VC)
This test measures diffusion of gas across the alveolar-capillary membrane
DLCO
Cystic Fibrosis
Neuromuscular disease that can lead to a restrictive lung pattern due to muscle weakness
ALS
The condition associated with a thumbprint sign on Xray
Epiglottitis
the volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a normal, passive exhalation
RV+ERV
Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)
In which disease is DLCO decreased due to alveolar destruction?
Emphysema
What observed value is increased in asthma during an acute attack due to airway narrowing.
Airway Resistance
Which PFT value is decreased with restrictive diseases?
TLC
If a child suddenly develops unilateral wheezing after choking on food, you should suspect what condition.
Foreign Body Aspiration