Vocabulary
What term means "noncancerous"?
Benign
What are 2 other terms to describe "communicable" diseases? (synonyms)
Infectious; Contagious
Which of the 5 pathogens can be treated, but never cured?
Virus
What term is defined as: an abnormal mass of tissue that has no natural role in the body?
Tumor
What is the temporary form of diabetes that can sometimes occur during pregnancy?
What term describes something as "cancerous"?
Malignant
What term is defined as a biological agent that causes disease to its host?
Pathogen
Define pathogen
A biological agent that causes disease to its host (causal agent)
What are two direct and known causes linked to cancer?
Carcinogens (tobacco & UV rays), dietary habits, damage to genes, heredity, viruses
Which type of Diabetes requires the use of insulin – also known as insulin dependent – and is an autoimmune disease?
Type I
Define communicable disease.
Disease spread from one living organism to another, or through environment
List the 5 pathogens discussed in class – Also. choose one to define/describe in detail.
(Pt. 2 answers will vary.)
What are the two best treatments for bacterial infections?
Soap & Water; Antibiotics
List and describe 2 of the 4 TYPES of cancer discussed in class.
Lymphoma (immune system); Leukemia (blood-forming organs); Carcinoma (body linings, digestive tract, glands, skin); Sarcoma (body structures – bones, muscles, ligaments)
What organ is responsible for the production of insulin and to what body system does it belong?
Pancreas - Endocrine System
What is the uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells?
Cancer
What are 3 method of prevention from contracting any sort of communicable disease?
Wash hands, cover mouth/nose when coughing and sneezing, wear protective clothing in woods, abstinence, wash and cook foods properly, avoid sharing personal items
Which pathogen is described as: single-celled, but larger and more complex than bacteria, sources include airborne insects and water, and the best treatment is prevention because medicine to kill the pathogen can be toxic to humans.
Protozoan
Describe the difference between chemotherapy and radiation in terms of cancer treatment.
Chemotherapy uses chemicals to destroy cancer cells and affects the whole body; Radiation uses radioactive substance to damage and destroy the cells and is more localized to affected area of the body
What is the primary function of insulin?
Opens the doors to cells and pushes sugar in – regulates blood sugar (glucose)
What term means spreading from point of origin to other parts of the body?
Metastasis
What are the 3 categories of transmission we discussed? Also, provide one more specific example of transmission within each of the categories.
Direct Contact: childbirth, touching, puncture wound; Indirect Contact: middle man, contaminated object, vector; Airborne Transmission: sneezing/coughing, droplets
Define fungi by providing one defining characteristic, and provide one example of a fungal infection as well as one treatment option.
Absorbs nutrients and spreads; lives in moist environment; Athlete’s foot, Yeast Infection, Ringworm; Usually treated with Over-the-counter medication, special creams and sprays, sometimes prescription if stronger meds are needed
List 2 warning signs/symptoms of cancer and 2 methods of prevention for cancer.
Warning signs – change in wart/mole, thickening or lump, change in bowel or bladder function, unexplained weight change, discoloration of skin, coughing or hoarseness, fever and fatigue; Prevention – Healthy diet/exercise, avoid carcinogens (tobacco, alcohol), abstinence and protection, protection of skin, regular medical checkups
What are 4 potential signs/symptoms of diabetes?
frequent urination, excessive thirst, extreme hunger, unexplained weight loss, tingling in hands/feet, lack of energy, blurry vision, mood changes, slow healing of sores and more infections