Anxiety & Mood I
What is the most common anxiety disorder?
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Define Obsessions and Complusions.
Obsessions: thinking the same thing over and over again
Compulsions: performing irrational acts
Which personality disorder is linked to lack of empathy, manipulation, and disregard for others
Which part of the brain increases in activity when schizophrenics have hallucinations?
The frontal lobe
Dissociative Identity Disorder was previously known as what?
Multiple Personality Disorder
What is a key difference between a panic disorder and phobias?
Panic attacks occur unpredictably, while phobias are triggered by specific stimuli.
What are two common symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)?
Flashbacks (reliving the traumatic event) and hypervigilance (being overly alert or easily startled).
What is the difference between histrionic personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder?
Histrionic: strive for attention, regardless of type
Narcissistic: need constant admiration, believe they are superior
What type of hallucination is most common in schizophrenia?
What is dissociation?
A disconnection between thoughts, identity, memory, or reality
What neurotransmitter is often linked to depression when in low supply?
Serotonin
Describe the difference between Social Anxiety Disorder and Agoraphobia.
Agoraphobia: fear of social spaces, crowds, lines, etc.
Social Anxiety Disorder: fear of embarrassing self in public
What is the main difference between schizoid and schizotypal personality?
Schizoid: no interest in forming relationships with others
Schizotypal: discomfort in relationships
What is the difference between positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia? Give an example of each.
Positive = excess behaviors like hallucinations; Negative = lack of normal behaviors like flat affect
What is the main difference between Dissociative Amnesia and Dissociative Fugue, and what typically causes them?
What is the difference between Major Depressive Disorder and Persistent Depressive Disorder
MDD is more severe but shorter-lasting; dysthymia is chronic but milder
How does Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) help treat depression?
By changing negative thought patterns and behaviors
What are the three clusters of personality disorders?
Cluster A: Odd/eccentric, Cluster B: Dramatic/emotional, Cluster C: Anxious/fearful.
What is catatonia, and how does it manifest in some individuals with schizophrenia?
Catatonia is a state of abnormal movement or behavior often associated with schizophrenia. It can manifest as rigid posturing, lack of movement, mutism, or repetitive, purposeless movements. Some individuals may remain in the same position for hours or resist movement.
Why is it hard to diagnose someone with dissociative fugue?
There is no other sign of mental illness. They simply just don't remember something.
Name and describe the two types of bipolar disorder.
Bipolar I - severe mania; Bipolar II - hypomania + long lasting depression
What is the "fight-or-flight" system, and how does it relate to anxiety disorders?
The sympathetic nervous system triggers a survival response, often overactive in anxiety disorders
How does Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD) differ from Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in terms of symptoms and underlying causes?
OCPD does not perform compulsive acts. They focus on obsessive thoughts on order, time, money and control.
What type of drugs are used to treat schizophrenia? What can result as an overuse of these drugs? What does this mean?
Antipsychotics. Tardive Dyskinesia - condition where one's face, body or both make sudden irregular movements
How do Dissociative Disorders differ from other psychological disorders in terms of their relationship with trauma?
Dissociative Disorders are strongly linked to trauma, particularly childhood abuse, and are thought to serve as a psychological defense mechanism, allowing individuals to mentally "escape" distressing experiences.