Plate boundaries
When plates slide by each other, creating Earth's largest earthquakes.
Transform boundary
Who was the man that proposed the idea of 'continental drift'?
Alfred Wegener
What landform is created at the bottom of the ocean where the fault lines are cracked open?
mid-ocean ridges
What is causing the plates to move around the earth?
convection currents in the mantle
What makes the plates move on the Earth's surface?
Convection currents in the mantle.
What is the name of the continent created when all land masses joined around 250 million years ago?
Pangaea
What is happening at mid-ocean ridges?
The rising magma is pushing the plates apart: SEA-FLOOR SPREADING!
What makes convection currents happen in the mantle?
The HEAT from the Core of the Earth.
Where are most of the plates that moving apart?
Under the ocean (Sea-floor spreading at the mid-ocean ridges)
When plates divide/move apart and magma rises to create new rocks on the Earth's crust.
Divergent
How did matching animal and plant fossils get on continents that are far across the ocean from one another today?
1. they lived on the same land
2. they died and fossilized on the same land
3. the land divided over millions of years
When magma rises through the faults/cracks in the mid-ocean ridges, what is created?
NEW crust
Where is NEW crust being made?
divergent plates where magma rises to the surface
What evidence shows that the continents were once all touching?
Fossils of matching plants & animals, and matching mountain and rock formations found on different continents across the oceans.
When Earth's tectonic plates collide, and create mountains, volcanoes, and deep-ocean trenches.
Convergent
FALSE: the entire crust is moving!
What happens when the ocean plate crashed into the continental plate?
Subduction--the plate goes back down into the mantle.
Is the Himalaya mountain range growing taller every year and example of SMALL or LARGE changes to the Earth?
LARGE: it is an entire mountain range!
Where can the Earth's crust be 'destroyed'?
Deep ocean trenches
When the ocean floor is dividing, making new crust at the center, and pushing older rocks/crust apart.
Sea-floor spreading
Where was the evidence found that Alfred Wegener was missing?
Under the ocean
What happens at subductions zones?
Deep trenches are created, and the crust gets destroyed into the mantle.
Do earthquakes and landslides cause FAST or SLOW changes to the Earth's surface?
FAST
True of False: The OLDEST part of the ocean floor is farthest from the mid-ocean ridges, and the YOUNGEST part of the ocean floor is closest to the mid-ocean ridges.
TRUE!