Bonanza!!!
"Blank slate." It refers to the idea children come as "blank slates," meaning they have no prior knowledge or dispositions.
What does "tabula rasa" mean and what does it refer to?
Practices movement of the tongue for future production of speech sounds.
What is a fetus doing in utero before they are born?
These are the FIVE components of oral language.
What are phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics?
This is a child who is learning two different languages at the same time beginning from infancy.
What is a simultaneous language learner?
Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, Vocabulary, Fluency, and Comprehension.
What are the five components of reading?
Left over from ancient meanings in Greek, Latin, Anglo, and Germanic roots, these are tiny clues of meaning are hiding in letter combinations.
What are phonesthemes?
This age infant begins making cooing sounds, producing vowel sounds (i.e. /aaahhh/ and /ooooo/)
What is a three-month-old doing with language?
The smallest unit of meaning in language.
What is a morpheme?
This is a child older than three-years-old who is already proficient in their home language and is now acquiring and additional language.
What is a sequential language learner?
A syllable ending with a vowel, which is heard as a long vowel. (i.e. /re/ in "re/late" or /pa/ in"paper.")
What is an open syllable?
The three positions in the mouth that determine the sound of a vowel.
What is the height, the backness, and the roundness?
At this age the vocabulary explosion BEGINS, where children are learning and remembering 10 words each day.
What is an 18-month-old language learner doing?
When a listener understands that a diner's claim that it serves the "best coffee in the world," is an attempt to persuade them to go to that diner.
What is pragmatics?
or
What is discourse?
Children combine the vocabulary and syntactic structure from two separate language systems, which increases their ability to express a variety of concepts.
What is translanguaging? or What is code-meshing?
Teaching and learning the letters or graphemes that represent the sounds in oral language.
What is phonics?
or
What is the alphabetic principle.
This is an aspect of the human brain that Chomsky believed presents at 18 months. It in initiates the process of acquiring language, specifically, the language explosion.
What is the LAD? or What is the Language Acquisition Devise?
This type of language is a universal way people talk to infants including slower pace, more variance in pitch, emphasis on vowels, and shorter utterances. This way of speaking increases attention to language from the infant, as determined by MRI's.
What is child directed language?
Sound produced by the passage of airflow through the larynx and out of the mouth. It is often called the "voice" of oral language
What is a vowel?
This is the inability to produce oral speech sounds correctly or fluently or problems with one’s voice.
What is a speech disorder?
Students learn vocabulary words through exposure to, and participation with, rich conversation along with with a variety of experiences.
What is incidental or indirect vocabulary instruction?
The sequence of the six stages of phonemic awareness.
What are...1. Isolation, 2. Blending, 3. Segmenting,
4.Addition, 5. Deletion, and 6.Substitution?
At this age 90% of utterances are understood by all other language speakers.
What is a 24 - 30 month-old able to do?
The interruption or the restriction of airflow in oral language.
What is a consonant?
When there is a struggle with the words we use and how we use them to share ideas and get what we want
What is a language disorder or impairment?
The phase of writing where students make strings of marks that resemble letters or pseudo letters, but are not meaningfully making sounds.
What is the Letter Strings Phase?