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Where do the stones tend to lodge for patients with choledocholithiasis?
in the ampulla of Vater
What 2 ducts form the CBD?
The common hepatic duct is joined by the cystic duct
What is Phrygian cap?
The folding of the gallbladder fundus
What is the function of the gallbladder?
The gallbladder serves as a reservoir for bile, which is drained from the hepatic ducts in the liver.
What is Hartmann pouch?
A gallbladder with a small outpuch at the neck
What forms the common hepatic duct?
The right and left hepatic ducts unite to form the common hepatic duct
What is the echogenic linear fissure within the liver that connects the neck of the gallbladder and the right or main portal vein?
main lobar fissure
What is a a choledochal cyst?
a fusiform dilation of the common bile duct
What is cholecystitis?
Inflammation of the gallbladder
What should the sonographic appearance of cholelithiasis look like on US?
mobile
hyperechoic or echogenic
posterior shadowing
What is the normal diameter of the common hepatic duct?
approximately 4 mm in diameter
Where are valves of Heister found?
cystic duct
What is pneumobilia?
Air within the biliary tree due to common bile duct stents
What is the normal measurement of the gallbladder wall?
< 3 mm
What is Budd-Chiari Syndrome?
thrombosis of the hepatic veins or inferior vena cava (IVC).
What does gas-forming bacteria in the gallbladder appear on ultrasound as?
bright echo with a ring down or comet-tail artifact
What is the most common benign tumor of the liver?
cavernous hemangioma
What disease do 80% of patients with cirrhosis tend to develop?
hepatocellular carcinoma
What does an elevation of alkaline phosphatase indicate?
biliary obstruction
The falciform ligament extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm and contains what ligament?
ligamentum teres
What serum is elevated when there is jaundice present?
serum bilirubin
In glycogen storage disease, type I is the most common and is also known as ____________ disease.
von Gierke
Where is the usual location in the liver of a Focal nodular hyperplasia (FHN)?
near the free edge of the liver and is solitary, well-circumscribed, and a nonencapsulated multinodular mass
What is a Hepatocyte?
Parenchymal liver cell that performs all functions ascribed to the liver
What is the smallest lobe of the liver that is situated on the posterosuperior surface of the left lobe?
caudate lobe