Anatomy & Physiology
What are the first two branches of the aorta?
The right and left coronary arteries
Where would you place the cursers to measure the distal RVOT?
just prox to the pulmonic valve
M-Mode
You need to evaluate a vein but no color is showing. What knobs could you adjust?
Scale/PRF
Color gain
Wall filter
During IVRT what valves are open?
None, they are all closed
The resistance the heart muscle must pump against
Afterload
A patient's EF is 42% this would be considered
abnormal
You are concerned that there may be stenosis, should you use pulsed wave or continuous wave doppler?
CW
Your image is too bright in the near field but too dark in the far field. What should you adjust?
The TGC's
The atria should be measured during what cardiac cycle?
End-Systole
The systolic pressure of the left ventricle is
120-130 mmHg
A patient has atrial fibrillation. How many cardiac cycles should you average for measurements?
3-5
Upon measuring the E/A ratio of the mitral valve, you notice the E wave is smaller than the A wave this is what grade of diastolic dysfunction?
Grade 1
There are too many shades of gray in your image and you would like there to be more contrast. What should you adjust?
Dynamic Range
What aortic annulus should be measured using what method?
Trailing edge to leading edge or inner edge to inner edge
Which wave on the ECG represents ventricular repolarization?
T-wave
What does VTI stand for?
Velocity Time Integral
50
Which zoom is superior? Write Zoom or Read Zoom?
Write Zoom
What is the calculation for Cardiac Index?
Cardiac Output/BSA
Which heart sounds are typically heard with auscultation?
S1 & S2
What are the 3 waveforms of the pulmonary veins?
S wave, D wave and AR wave
What measurements are obtained on a PLAX of the LV in Diastole?
RVIDd
IVS
LVIDdL
LVPW
BART
The aortic isthmus is located
just distal to the left subclavian artery