DNA
Nitrogenous Bases
Nucleotides
Scientists
Random
100
Name the people who created the structure for DNA.
What is James Watson and Francis Crick?
100
Name all 5 of the nitrogenous bases. (Braydon)
What are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), and Uracil (U)?
100
A nucleotide consists of what. (Xan)
What is a sugar (either deoxyribose or ribose), a phosphate group, one of the 4 nitrogen bases?
100
Contrast the differences between the Watson and Crick model for DNA and the model made by Pauling and Corey.
In the Watson and Crick model: 3 intertwined chains, phosphates near the fiber axis, bases on the outside
Pauling and Corey: 2 helical chains each coiled around the same axis, phosphate perpendicular to fiber axis, bases on the inside
100
What does DNA stand for?
What is deoxyribose nucleic acid?
200
Describe what is seen in the photo.
This is an x ray of a DNA strand. The X pattern in the center are the nitrogenous bases, forming the "rungs" of the structure.
200
What pattern do you have in the rungs of the ladder in the DNA model?
The rungs are always in specific pairs made of a purine and pyrimidine bases, or more specifically the pairs are; adenine(A) and thymine(T), guanine(G) and cytosine(C)
200
What are the three elements of a nucleotides bonded by?
What are hydrogen bonds?
200
Watson and Crick found what relationship between the nitrogenous bases in DNA. (Xan)
What is that only specific bases can bond? Adenine and Thymine/ Cytosine and Guanine.
200
Predict about how much DNA that humans share with cabbage. (Braydon)
What is 40-50% of human DNA is shared with cabbages.
300
Differentiate between the Watson and Crick model and our knowledge of the structure of DNA today. (Braydon)
The Watson and Crick model had one more chain than what we know today and it placed the bases on the outside and the phosphates and sugar on the inside.
300
Describe the ratio of A to T compared to C to G.
The ratio of A to T will always be equal to the ratio of C to G.
300
What shape are nucleotides arranged in?
What is a double helix?
300
Watson and Crick said this about the specific base pairings. (Xan)
What is that it is a "copying mechanism for genetic material?"
300
How many base pairs can be found in a human genome?
3 billion base pairs of DNA can be found in a human genome.
400
The type of bond that holds the DNA structure together. (Xan)
What is a hydrogen bond?
400
In what circumstance would Uracil be found as a nitrogenous base?
When RNA is coded, Uracil replaces Thymine in the genetic code.
400
What makes up a nucleotide?
What are phosphates, sugars, and nitrogenous bases?
400
Why did Rosalind Franklin not get credit for her photo of DNA?
What is because women were not respected in the scientific field at the time?
400
What does DNA stand for?
What is deoxyribose nucleic acid?
500
DNA's main purpose. (Xan)
To give the instructions for an organism to develop, survive, and reproduce.
500
Compare and contrast the structures of purines and pyrimidines
Purines have a double-ring structure, pyrimidines have a single-ring structure
500
Summarize the functions of a nucleotide.
What is carrying energy and chemicals from one place to another?
500
Analyze what Rosalind Franklin provided towards the discovery of the structure of DNA. (Braydon)
What are X-ray diffraction images that later led to the discovery of the double helix as the structure of DNA.
500
Why is it important that scientists study or are able to extract DNA in organisms?
Because it tells them what makes up organisms' genetic code and helps them cure diseases.