Transcription
Where does transcription happen?
In the nucleus
Where does translation take place?
It takes place in the cytoplasm
What is DNA?
a double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited traits of organisms and viruses.
Watson and Crick used this term to describe the shape of DNA.
What is a double helix?
What is DNA replication?
the process of making an identical copy of a section of DNA, using existing DNA as a template for the synthesis of new DNA strands.
What are the key factors involved in transcription?
DNA, mRNA, and RNA polymerse
What happens in the first step of translation?
when the ribosome is bound to the specific initiation
What is the nucleotide?
a building block of DNA or RNA, consisting of a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
The sugars and the phosphates.
What is the "backbone of a DNA molecule"?
This is what results from copying one molecule of DNA
What are two molecules of DNA?
This is transcribed
What is DNA?
What are codons and what is it made of? Be specific.
Codons are three bases made up of (A, G, C, and/or U)
What is the double helix?
a pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis
The type of bond that holds bases together in the double helix.
What is a hydrogen bond?
This is what you call a "G" binding with a "C" or an "A" binding with a "T".
What is a base pair?
Why does transcription take place?
DNA cannot leave the nucleus and therefore must be transcribed to mRNA to leave the nucleus?
Type of RNA that "brings" amino acids to the ribosome
What is tRNA?
This scientist formed a major rule about the nucleotide base pairings of DNA
Who is Erwin Chargaff
A (nitrogenous) base, a sugar, and a phosphate.
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
The enzyme that is used to make a copy of a DNA molecule.
What is DNA polymerase?
Organelle in the cell where transcription takes place
What is the nucleus?
Use page 367 in your book. Ifentify which amino acids will be translated from the following mRNA strand ... AUG CGG AAA UAG
What are Methionine - Arginine - Lysine - STOP?
Credited for discovering DNA
Who are Watson and Crick
He is credited with the discovery that the amount of G's was roughly equal to the amount of C's (and A's with T's) in several samples of DNA.
Who is Erwin Chargaff?
The proteins which the DNA double helix winds around so that DNA can become "supercoiled".
What are histones?