Structure
What are the 4 nitrogenous bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine & Cytosine
When does DNA replication occur?
S-phase in Interphase
Which of the following mechanisms will remove uracil and incorporate the correct base?
Base excision repair
What base pairs with Guanine?
Cytosine
What makes up the DNA backbone?
Alternating Phosphate & Deoxyribose (Sugars)
DNA replication is considered ___?
Semi-conservative
What is the function of enzyme involved in base excision repair?
Removing incorrect bases
What are the nitrogen bases between the 2 strands of a DNA segment held together by?
What base pairs with Adenine?
Thymine
What's the process of building protein?
Translation
If the mutation has a negligible effect on the function of a gene, it is known as a ______
silent mutation
DNA strands run _____ in relation to each other.
Antiparallel
What is the shape of a DNA structure?
a double-helix
What enzyme is responsible for adding nucleotides to the separate strands of DNA?
DNA Polymerase
DNA repair steps
1.Recognize the offending DNA damage.
2.Remove the offending base(s).
3.Repair the resulting gap with a DNA polymerase and DNA ligase.
The genetic material of an organism is composed of __(FULL DNA NAME)__.
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Who came up with the base pairing rule?
Erwin Chargaff
What is the purpose of enzymes?
Speed up reactions and lower activation energy
What is a point mutation that replaces a purine with another purine, or a pyrimidine with another pyramidine?
Transition mutation
What represents the complementary strand of DNA:
ATAGCCATG
TATCGGTAC