Structure
What is a strand of DNA?
Two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits.
Why does DNA replicate?
The cell is going to divide and the new cells need DNA.
What is translation?
The process of which mRNA is decoded to build a protein that contains a specific series of amino acids.
What is tRNA?
Transfer RNA
What is a gene?
A segment of DNA that is located in the chromosome and codes for hereditary material
How many strands make up a DNA double helix?
2
Whats 3 DNA enzymes are used in DNA replication?
Helicase, Polymearse, and Ligase
How many triplets for amino acids?
65 triplets
What is mRNA and its function?
Messenger RNA, genetic material that tell your body how to make proteins.
What are the two main flows for genetic information?
Transcription and Translation
What holds the DNA strands together?
Hydrogen bonds
Is DNA replication conservative or semi-conservative?
Semi-conservative
What is genetic code?
The relationship of codon/amino acids is called the genetic code because it decodes the mRNA.
What is rRNA and its function?
Ribosomal RNA, which forms part of the protein synthesizing organelle.
What is transcription?
DNA acts as a template for the synthesis of RNA
What is a codon?
The DNA “messenger” for amino acids.
What does Ligase do during DNA replication?
Glues the new strands
What is a Polypeptide chain?
A long chain of amino acids that form a protein molecule
What is the primary function of RNA?
To create proteins using translation
True or False: DNA contains ribonucleic acid
False, DNA contains deoxyribose acid.
Why is DNA a double-helixed shape?
I it so it can fit in the nucleus, is water resistant, and it be balanced.
When and where does DNA replication take place?
In the nucleus during the S phase.
How do ribosomes affect DNA translation?
Ribosomes are where translation takes places
What does RNA carry?
Genetic information in all living things
3 forms of RNA
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA