Structure of DNA
What is DNA?
what is a molecule that carries genetic information used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms and many viruses.
What is transcription?
what is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.
What is a gene
what is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions to make a specific protein.
What percentage of human DNA is identical across all people
what is 99.9%.
what is CODIS
what is a database used by law enforcement agencies to store and compare DNA profiles for criminal investigations.
What are the building blocks of DNA?
what is nucleotides
Where does transcription take place in the cell?
what is the nucleus.
What does homozygous mean?
what is having two identical alleles for a gene
What animal has the most DNA similarity to humans?
what is Chimps
what is PCR
what is a technique used to amplify small segments of DNA, making millions of copies for analysis.
What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?
what is
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).
What is translation?
what is the process by which mRNA is decoded to produce a protein.
What does heterozygous mean?
what is having two different alleles for a gene
Can DNA be found in mitochondria?
what is Yes, mitochondrial DNA is inherited from the mother.
what is restriction enzyme
what is a DNA segment produced by the cutting action of a restriction enzyme.
Which bases pair together in DNA?
what is Adenine pairs with Thymine, and Cytosine pairs with Guanine
What is the role of ribosomes in translation?
what is Ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and help assemble amino acids into proteins
What is an allele?
what is a variant form of a gene.
What is the shortest chromosome in humans?
what is chromosome 21
what are short tandem repeats
what is sequences of DNA where two or more nucleotides are repeated directly adjacent to each other.
What are chromosomes?
what is Chromosomes are long, coiled strands of DNA found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Humans typically have 46 chromosomes (23 pairs)
What is a start codon?
what is AUG
What is the genotype?
what is the genetic makeup of an organism
which fruit shares the most genetic similarities with humans
what is Banana
what is karyotype
what is the complete set of an organism's chromosomes, arranged and displayed in pairs, typically by size, shape, and number.