DNA
How many strands make up a DNA double helix?
Two intertwined strands
What are the three types of RNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
How many strands of DNA are used for transcription?
only one strand of DNA
What does translation produce?
Proteins
What is DNA sometimes called?
The blueprint of life
Where is most DNA located?
Most DNA is located in the cell nucleus
How many strands of RNA are there?
One
What is transcription?
The process by which DNA is copied to RNA
What cell organelle is responsible for translation?
Ribosome
What is the first step in gene expression?
Transcription
What is DNA's function?
To store and pass on genetic information
What does the "m" in mRNA stand for?
Messenger
What are the 3 stages of transcription?
Initiation, elongation, termination
What is translation?
Translation is the process where mRNA codons are decoded to synthesize proteins
What does mRNA turn into?
A Polypeptide
What do cells duplicate their DNA?
During the S phase (synthesis phase) of interphase
What is the smallest RNA?
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
What makes transcription in biology?
Copying a gene's DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule
Which RNA's are needed for translation?
mRNA and tRNA
What is the difference between RNA and DNA?
RNA is single-stranded and plays a role in protein synthesis, and DNA is double-stranded and acts as a long-term storage molecule
When was DNA first discovered?
1869
What enzyme is responsible for transcription?
RNA polymerase
What is the first codon?
AUG