Mutations
A change in number, type, or order of bases on a piece of DNA
What is a mutation?
Double helix (twisted ladder shape)
What does DNA look like?
molecule with some copied DNA that is used to create proteins.
What is RNA?
The use and application of living things and biological processes
What is biotechnology?
James Watson and Francis Crick
Who discovered (took credit for) the structure of DNA?
Deletion, insertion and substitution
What are three kinds of mutations?
A molecule where genetic material in cells is contained.
What is DNA?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
What are the different kinds of RNA?
Artificial selection, genetic engineering, and cloning
What are the three most common forms of biotechnology?
segment of DNA that relates to a certain trait
What is a gene?
An extra base is added
What is insertion?
Alternating sugars and phosphate groups and bases
What are the sides and rungs of the ladders made of?
Uracil
What base does RNA have that DNA doesn't?
Breeding a puppy
What is an example of artificial selection?
Rosalind Franklin
Who discovered the structure of DNA but wasn't given credit?
Deletion is a base left out and substitution is when one base replaces another
What is the difference between deletion and substitution?
Base, sugar, and phosphate group
What are nucleotides made up of?
The process of making proteins from RNA
What is translation?
A forensic scientist making copies of DNA from a crime scene.
What is an example of cloning/biotechnology?
They come from mutations that harm the cell
What is a genetic disorder?
Random errors or the DNA could be damaged by physical or chemical agents throughout the lifetime
What can cause mutations?
Adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine
How do the bases pair together?
When a cell needs instructions for making proteins and makes an RNA copy of a section of DNA.
What is transcription?
Artificial selection goes over generations and genetic engineering changes the DNA of a single organism
What is the difference between artificial selection and genetic engineering?
Cigarette smoke and UV light that can damage DNA
What are examples of mutagens?