DNA Structure
Nucleic Acids
Transcription
Translation
Mutations
Surprise
100
How many types of bases are found in a DNA molecule?
4
100
A section of DNA that contains the information for building a protein is known as this.
Gene
100
The process of transcription occurs in this cell organelle.
Nucleus
100
The process of translation occurs at this cell organelle.
Ribosome
100

A mutation is a random change in ______. 

DNA

100
What amino acid goes with the codon, CUG?
We don't know because we need a codon table. We won't ever need to memorize that.
200
The four types of bases in DNA are A, C, G, and...
T
200
This type of nucleic acid copies the DNA code and brings it to another part of the cell.
mRNA (messenger RNA)
200
In order for transcription to occur, what is the first thing that DNA must do?
It must unzip, separate at the bases.
200
When the mRNA attaches to the ribosome, what other molecule attaches to it, bringing important building materials with it?
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
200

An insertion or a deletion results in this type of mutation:

Frameshift

200
To prevent knotting or tangling, DNA is wound up into larger structures known as...
Chromosomes
300
DNA contains coded instructions for building what type of molecule?
Proteins
300
DNA and RNA differ because DNA is double-stranded and RNA is single-stranded, and that DNA contains T bases and RNA contains these bases instead.
U
300
If a DNA code reads "AGT GTC CCG" what would the corresponding RNA code be?
UCA CAG GGC
300
The tRNA can only attach to the mRNA by 3 bases at a time. What is the term for 3 bases of mRNA?
Codon
300

A single base change results in this kind of mutation. 

Point Mutation

300
How many possible codons are there?
64
400
In prokraryotes, DNA is free-floating in the cytoplasm. In eukaryotes, DNA is contained in the...
Nucleus
400
This molecule, which contains a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base, is the basic building block of any nucleic acid.
Nucleotide
400
During transcription, the DNA code is converted into another molecule. What is the name of that molecule?
Messenger RNA (mRNA)
400
What is the term for a long molecule made entirely of amino acids?
Protein
400
A point mutation that results in a single amino acid change is called...

Missense mutation

400
Since DNA replication results in two molecules that each contain a strand from the original, DNA replication can be described by this two-word adjective.
Semi-Conservative
500
The term for copying a DNA molecule is...
Replication
500
Transfer RNA, or tRNA, is capable of carrying these important molecules, which are the basic building blocks of proteins.
Amino Acids
500
If an RNA code says, "UUG CCA," what was the original DNA code?
AAC GGT
500
What is the term for 3 bases of tRNA?
Anticodon
500

This type of mutation does not change the protein sequence at all. 

Silent Mutation

500
How many different amino acids are there?
20
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