DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic Acid
What is transcription?
DNA into mRNA
What is the start codon?
AUG
What is a nucleotide?
A sugar, base, and phosphate
What is the structure of DNA? (name)
Double Helix
What sugar is in RNA?
Ribose
Where does transcription take place?
Why?
The nucleus
DNA is too big to fit through the pores of the nucleus.
What is translation?
The making of proteins from mRNA on ribosomes
Are mutations good, bad, or neutral?
Depending on what it is and where and when they are happening, they can be good, bad, or neutral.
Who discovered the structure of DNA?
Watson, Crick, and Franklin
Where does RNA take the Amino Acids to build proteins?
The Ribosomes
What mRNA sequence would be for the DNA sequence: ATTAGC
UAAUCG
Why is replication necessary?
As our cells divide, we need a copy of DNA for each new cell.
What is the difference between a sickle cell, and a red blood cell?
The shape of the cells
Basic Overview of DNA replication
Hydrogen bonds break and the compliment nucleotide binds to the existing one
What are the three major differences between DNA and RNA?
1) DNA is a double helix and RNA is a single helix
2) DNA uses deoxyribose sugar and RNA uses ribose
3) RNA has the base uracil and DNA has the base thymine
Does all the DNA get transcribed in each cell?
No, only the genes that are needed are turned on.
What makes up proteins?
Amino Acids
What is a mutation?
Change in DNA
If the DNA strand is ATTGC, then what is the RNA strand?
UAACG
Why do we need RNA?
RNA can fit through the pores of the nucleus to take the DNA message to the ribosomes.
What type of bonds holds bases together?
Hydrogen