DNA Replication
DNA Structure
Enzymes
DNA vs. RNA
Scientists
100
What are the 4 stages of DNA replication?
initiation, elongation and termination
100
What type of sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose sugar
100
What enzyme adds the nucleotide bases onto the new DNA strands in the 5'->3' direction?
DNA Polymerase 
100
What is one difference between DNA and RNA?
a. DNA is single-stranded
b. DNA is double-stranded
c. Only DNA contains nucleotides
d. Only RNA replicates
b. DNA is double-stranded 
100
What did James Watson and Francis Crick famously create?
Construct an accurate 3D model of DNA
200
What kind of bonds are formed between nucleotides?
:max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/what-are-the-parts-of-nucleotide-606385-FINAL-5b76fa94c9e77c0025543061.png)
Hydrogen bonds
200
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
1. Deoxyribose sugar
2. Phosphate
3. Nitrogen-containing base.jpg)
200
What enzyme splits the DNA strand during DNA replication to create 2 new strands?
Helicase
200
Which of the 3 main enzymes that are present in DNA replication is used in RNA transcription?
DNA (RNA in RNA transcription) polymerase 
200
What animal did Fred Griffith use in his experiment? What did he find?
He used mice. He concluded that transforming factors had to be caused by a gene.
300
DNA replication is
a. Conservative
b. Progressive
c. Semiconservative
d. Repetitive
c. Semiconservative 
300
What two alternating molecules make up the backbone for a strand of DNA?
Sugar and phosphate molecules
300
What enzyme adds "glue" between the two nucleotide base "sections" on the DNA strand after DNA polymerase has come through and done its job?
Ligase
300
What is the replacement base for Thymine (T) in RNA?
Uracil (U)
300
Rosalind Franklin used which technique to determine many of the physical characteristics of DNA?
X-ray Diffraction
400
Explain what happens in Semiconservative Replication.
An enzyme called helicase splits the strand to create two copied strands from the original strand. DNA Polymerase then matches new bases to the original DNA strand moving in the direction of 5' to 3', causing two new strands of DNA, half of the strand new and the other half old.
400
How many carbons are in a deoxyribose sugar in a DNA molecule?
5
400
What rule is used to join the free nucleotides to the exposed bases of the DNA? (i.e. Guanine to Cytosine)
Complementary base-pair rule
400
What is the RNA nucleotide bases grouped in pairs of 3 called that DNA does not have?
Codons 
400
What scientist discovered the basis for the base-pair rule, which states that the amounts of adenine and thymine match, as do the amounts of cytosine and guanine?
Erwin Chargaff
500
What phase of interphase does DNA replication occur during? 
S phase of Interphase
500
Is DNA anti-parallel or parallel? Explain.
Anti-parallel because the 2 strands in the DNA molecule run in the opposite direction. This allows the nucleotides to come together between the two strands and connect. 
500
What is an enzyme that we all consider an enzyme but Mrs. Walker does not even though she is wrong like always?
Pretzels (Love you Mike) 
500
What are 3 differences between DNA and RNA?
DNA is double-helixed, contains thymine (instead of uracil), and DNA is found in and stays in nucleus, and RNA can be found anywhere in the cell, including the cytoplasm.
500
What did Oswald Avery determine about the role of DNA in transformation?
DNA is the transforming factor. Transformation doesn't occur without the presence of DNA. He also discovered DNA stores and transmits genetic information from one generation to the next. (Repeated Griffith's experiment)