The Genetic code
How cells make Proteins
Translating the code
Mutations
Effects of Mutations
100
What are chromosomes composed of?
DNA
100
What is the product of proteins called?
Protein Synthesis
100
What is the first part of the first step for translating the code?
A DNA molecule to "unzip"between base pairs.
100
What is the example of mutations in the book?
The Base is supposed to be A but instead it has the base G.
100
What can mutations be a source of?
Genetic variety.
200
What do proteins help determine?
size, shape, color, and other traits
200
During protein synthesis, the cell uses information from a gene on a chromosome to produce what?
A specific protein
200
What is the second step to translating the code?
The RNA leaves the nucleus and enters the cytoplasm RNA then attaches to a ribosome then it says what the code will be.
200
What is mutation?
A change in a gene or chromosome.
200
When is a mutation harmful?
If it reduces the organism's chance of survival or reproduction.
300
What is a gene a section of?
DNA molecule
300
Where does protein synthesis take place?
On the ribosomes
300
What is last part of the third step of translating the code?
The amino acid links like a chain.
300
What can mutations cause and when?
A incorrect protein during protein synthesis.
300
Why would the white lemur be in harm?
It would make it more visible and easier for predators to find.
400
What does a gene contain?
A code that determines the structure of a protein.
400
Where are the chromosomes found?
Inside the Nucleus
400
What happens at the end of the process of translating the code?
The RNA is released into the cytoplasm and can pick up another amino acid.
400
What does the word mutation mean?
Change
400
What do helpful mutations do?
They improve an organism's chance for survival and reproduction.
500
What four bases is a DNA molecule made up of?
nitrogen, adenine, thymine, and cytosine
500
What is the difference between DNA and RNA?
RNA has one stand, while DNA has two strands
500
The order of what in the chain determined by the order of the three letter codes on the messenger RNA?
Amino Acids.
500
When can a type of mutation occur?
During the DNA replication.
500
What have mutations improved to survive and reproduce?
Bacteria
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