DNA Structure and Function
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What does every cell have?
DNA
In which organelle is most DNA found?
Nucleus
DNA replication starts at a certain part called...
The Origin
What enzyme connects the Okazaki fragments?
DNA ligase
Which base pairs with adenine?
T or Thymine
What is the second step of DNA replication?
DNA primase
How many chromosomes in total do you inherit from your mother and father?
46 Chromosomes
What is the nickname of Ligase?
The Gluer
What is the lagging strand synthesized by?
Okazaki fragments.
What phrase is used to describe the structure of DNA?
Double Helix
What is the third step of DNA replication?
DNA polymerases
If you are female, what combination of chromosomes do you have?
XX
What binds to the DNA strands to keep them separated?
Helicase
In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replicate?
Synthesis (S) phase
What does the information contained in DNA determine?
Characteristics
What is the first step of DNA replication?
1. DNA helicase
If a DNA sequence is T-C-G-A-T-C-A, write the sequence of base pairs that would pair with it.
A-G-C-T-A-G-T
In which direction does the DNA Polymerase build a new strand?
5' to 3' direction
Which enzyme reads and builds a complementary strand of DNA?
RNA polymerase
What are the four nitrogen bases contained in DNA?
1. Thymine
2. Adenine
3. Cytosine
4. Guanine
When a cell divides, the DNA makes two copies of itself. TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
What percent of humans’ DNA sequences are identical? (HINT: 99._%)
99.5%
What could happen if DNA Polymerase matches the wrong DNA bases?
You could have the incorrect gene which ends up as having an incorrect protein or no protein
What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?
It untwists the double helix and separates the two DNA strands.