Cell Theory/Cell Cycle
What is a theory?
an explanation of natural events that has been tested multiple times; explaining the "Why"
The DNA molecule is a polymer. What is the monomer of DNA?
nucleotides
This is the enzyme that unzips the DNA during Initiation.
Helicase
DNA is double stranded, but RNA is…
single-stranded
DNA is copied into a strand of mRNA during this step of protein synthesis.
Transcription
The cell theory states that 1) All living things are made of cells, 2) Cells are the basic unit of life, and 3) All existing cells are...
produced from other cells
The three parts of a nucleotide are?
phosphate group, 5 Carbon sugar, nitrogenous base
This is the enzyme that links all the bases on the lagging strand together.
Ligase
RNA contains this base instead of thymine.
uracil
Translation of mRNA into a protein happens in this part of the cell.
ribosome
Why do cells have to divide?
For growth, repair, and reproduction
True or False? A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait.
True
What happens in Elongation of DNA replication?
DNA Polymerase reads template strands and adds complementary nucleotides to build the complementary strands.
What is the function of RNA?
to build proteins
Anticodons and amino acids are found on this type of RNA.
transfer RNA (tRNA)
What happens in the G1 phase of the cell cycle?
Cell is growing and preparing for DNA replication; DNA is in the form of chromatin
What are the complementary bases for this sequence of DNA?
A-T-C-C-A-G-C-G-T
T-A-G-G-T-C-G-C-A
What is the purpose of DNA replication?
To produce an identical copy of DNA before cell division - to pass on genetic information to each daughter cell
True or False: RNA is not able to leave the nucleus.
False
What are the mRNA codons for this sequence of DNA?
T-A-C-G-T-A-A-C-T
A-U-G-C-A-U-U-G-A
If the S phase in the Cell Cycle is missing, this process would not occur.
DNA replication
According to Chargaff's rule, if there is 10% thymine in a DNA strand, how much cytosine is there?
40%
There's a theory in DNA replication where each new DNA molecule consists of one original/old strand and one new strand. What is this model called?
semi-conservative model
This type of RNA carries the genetic instructions from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
messenger RNA (mRNA)
An amino acid chain creates a...
protein