DNA Basics
These are the building blocks of DNA.
What are nucleotides?
This scientist used X-ray diffraction to take images that contributed to understanding the structure of DNA.
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
This is how many chromosome pairs humans have.
What is 23 pairs of chromosomes?
This is a number of base pairs used in STRs.
What is between 2 and 5 base pairs?
In gel electrophoresis, all fragments flow in this electrical direction.
What is from negative to positive?
This is one of the two nucleotides that are called purines.
What is either adenine or guanine?
This scientist discovered the base pairing rule, stating that adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine pairs with cytosine.
Who is Erwin Chargaff?
This is the genetic designation for females.
What is XX?
This is a number of base pairs used in VNTRs.
What is between 9 and 80 base pairs?
In gel electrophoresis, these DNA fragments move the farthest.
What are the shortest (or smallest)?
This is one of the two nucleotides that are called pyrimidines.
What is either cytosine or thymine?
These are two sources of DNA that could be used as forensic evidence.
What is 2 of these...blood, hair, saliva, or skin cells?
This is the term for chromosomes that have identical alleles at a site.
What is homozygous?
This technique is often more useful for DNA analysis because it is shorter in length
What is STR (Short Tandem Repeat)?
This is when DNA is then separated from the other parts of the cell for further processing.
What is DNA extraction?
This is the name of one of the ends of a DNA strand.
What is either Five Prime or Three Prime?
This is the non-coding portion of a DNA strand.
What is an intron?
What is the initiation site or start site?
This is the disadvantage of using the RFLP technique in DNA analysis.
What is it requires a larger amount of DNA?
This is when PCR is used to amplify (or manufacture) certain pieces of DNA.
What is DNA amplification?
This is what forms the DNA backbone.
What are sugar and phosphate?
This pair of scientists is credited with discovering the double-helix structure of DNA.
Who are Watson and Crick?
In gel electrophoresis, one well should contain a control called this.
What is either DNA Ladder or Standard DNA.
This technique is used to isolate and analyze polymorphisms.
What is Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)?
This is how many DNA copies that can be synthesized after 7 cycles of PCR.
What is 128 copies?