DNA
What is the name of DNA's shape?
Double helix
What is the DNA called when it is bundled up?
Chromosome(s)
Who is known as the founder of natural selection?
Charles Darwin
What actress was in the controversial American Eagle jeans ad?
Sydney Sweeney
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What is the name of what gets passed down from parent to offspring?
Trait(s)
What is it called when an organism changes their structure or behaviour in response to a change in their environment?
Adaptation
What is the process of making identical copies of genes, cells, or organisms called?
Cloning
What are the definitions of transcription and translation?
Transcription = changing DNA to RNA
Translation = changing RNA to amino acids (to build proteins)
Gregor Mendel
A change in the DNA of a gene
Why is gene therapy controversial?
People can make "designer babies" with what they consider to be "desirable" traits
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base
Red hair and blue eyes are examples of what type of trait?
Recessive
What would happen to giraffes with short necks over time?
They would die out / go extinct
What disease was recently found to be potentially cured with gene therapy?
Huntington's
What are the types of RNA and what do they do?
RNA = makes a copy of the DNA but changes T to U
mRNA = messenger RNA --> sends the message to create the amino acids
tRNA = transfer RNA --> transfers the amino acid groups to build the proteins
What is the difference between a phenotype and a genotype?
Phenotype = what trait is expressed (i.e. brown hair, blue eyes)
Genotype = the genetic makeup of the trait (i.e. CC, Cc, cc)
Breeding pets and growing plants in a controlled environment are examples of what?
Artificial selection
What is a socioeconomic concern of gene therapy?
It is very expensive which makes it only available to people who have the money for it