Nucleic Acids
How do RNA and DNA differ in shape?
DNA is a double helix
RNA is single stranded
DNA is transcribed in what part of the cell?
Nucleus
Translation begins when mRNA enters where
A ribosome
A section of DNA that codes for a protein
a gene
What nitrogenous bases do DNA and RNA not share
DNA - Thymine
RNA - Uracil
What is DNA transcribed into?
mRNA
What pairs with the mRNA codon
a tRNA anticodon
What is the progression for protein synthesis?
DNA - mRNA - tRNA - Protein
What sugar makes up DNA
Deoxyribose
How does mRNA leave the nucleus?
Via the nuclear pore
What does tRNA bring with it?
an amino acid
If the mRNA reads AUG what does the tRNA look like?
UAC
What sugar makes up RNA
Ribose
Where does mRNA go once it leaves the nucleus?
To a ribosome
What amino acid indicates the "start" Codon?
Met
When one nitrogenous base or amino acid is different that is considered a what?
A substitution or Point Mutation
Nitrogenous bases are held together by what?
Hydrogen bonds
Where are the two places to find a ribosome?
In the cytoplasm
On the Rough ER
How does the ribosome know when to stop adding amino acids to the polypeptide chain?
When it encounters a "STOP" codon
If nitrogenous bases or amino acids are missing what is that called?
A deletion or Frameshift mutation