DNA
Replication and Transcription
History
Translation
Odds and Ends
100
A section of DNA coding for a particular protein
What is a gene?
100
The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself by unzipping and using each strand as a template for a new strand.
What is Replication?
100
Figured out the structure of DNA
Who are James Watson and Francis Crick?
100
The protein "factory"
What is a ribosome?
100
DNA stands for this
What is deoxyribonucleic acid?
200
Hydrogen bonds
What connects the nucleotide bases within a double helix?
200
The single stranded copy of DNA that contains U instead of T.
What is RNA? (messenger RNA, specifically)
200
Made X-ray patterns of DNA that helped some other people figure out the structure
Rosalind Franklin
200
cystine, methionine, lysine, phenylalanine
What are AMINO ACIDS?
200
The central dogma of genetics.
DNA ---> RNA -----> proteins
300
The base that always pairs with adenine
thymine
300
DNA Polymerase
What is the enzyme that joins individual DNA nucleotides to make a new strand of DNA (which is a polymer)?
300
The reason Rosalind Franklin did not win the Nobel Prize.
She had passed away (from ovarian cancer, probably from exposure to x-rays)
300
Delivers specific amino acids to the ribosome for protein construction.
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
300
The three differences between RNA and DNA
Base thymine in DNA is uracil in RNA Sugar is deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA DNA is double stranded, RNA is usually single stranded
400
Codon
What is the 3 base sequence on DNA that codes for one amino acid?
400
CUAAUGU is the RNA complement of this sequence of DNA.
What is GATTACA?
400
Restriction enzymes
What are proteins bacteria make that can cut DNA, usually from viruses?
400
An error in the DNA or RNA sequence
What is a mutation?
400
One of the only exceptions to the central dogma of genetics, can do transcription backwards.
Reverse transcriptase in the HIV virus
500
The three parts of a nucleotide
What are sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base?
500
It leaves the nucleus carrying the genetic information to the cytoplasm.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
500
He helped the Human Genome Project in decoding the entire human genome.
Who is Craig Venter?
500
AUG is the codon for this tRNA anti-codon and amino acid
What is UAC, methionine?
500
Draw a structure of a nucleotide on the board, showing the parts and how they connect.
sugar, phosphate, base. base connected to sugar perpendicular to phosphate
M
e
n
u