Replication 1
What does DNA have to do before a cell divides?
it has to make two copies of itself.
What does Guanine pair with?
Cytosine
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
What does Adenine pair with?
Thymine
What is the name of the part of DNA where DNA replication starts?
The origin
What combination of chromosomes does a male have?
XY
Why does DNA have to replicate?
The DNA has to be transferred to daughter cells.
What does DNA code for?
Making proteins
What do enzymes have the ability to do?
To speed up reactions/ to build up or break down the things that they are acting upon.
What is the nickname for the enzyme DNA Polymerase
"the Builder"
How many chromosomes do you receive from both your mother and your father?
46 chromosomes
What is the nickname for the enzyme Primase
"the Initializer"
What are the monomers of DNA called?
Nucleotides
What is the nickname for the enzyme Ligase
"the gluer"
DNA ligase
What are the sections of DNA that contain instructions for making proteins called?
Genes
Which enzyme reads and builds a complementary strand of DNA?
DNA Polymerase
What are the four nitrogen bases contained in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, and Cytosine
What is the enzyme Helicase responsible for?
it splits the two strands of DNA in half - it breaks through the hydrogen bonds that hold the bases together.
What is the role of topoisomerase?
It keeps the DNA from supercoiling
What is the role of proteins?
To carry out tasks necessary for building and maintaining the cell.
What could happen is DNA Polymerase matches the wrong DNA bases?
An incorrect protein
What is the backbone of DNA composed of?
Alternating sugar and phosphate molecules
In which direction does the DNA Polymerase build a new strand?
5' to 3' (5 prime to 3 prime)