Complementary base pairing
What are the base pairings?
A-T and G-C
What is continuous DNA synthesis?
The straightforward copying of strand 1 happening uninterrupted
Where does discontinuous DNA synthesis occur?
the lagging strand
What does semiconservative mean?
each DNA strand contain a parent strand and a daughter strand
How many hydrogen points form between G-C?
three
When does continuous DNA synthesis occur?
when DNA Polymerase delta reads and copies one strand of the DNA template in an uninterrupted fashion
In which direction is the lagging strand synthesized in?
The opposite direction of the leading strand
How many replication cycles are needed to end with two daughter strands?
two
How many hydrogen bonds form between A-T?
two
What does the term primase mean?
DNA primase is a protein that adds the RNA primer, it adds nucleotides to make the double-stranded template.
What does DNA ligase do in discontinuous DNA synthesis?
connects the Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand
Why are two replication cycles needed to end with two daughter strands?
In each replication cycle, one parental strand is duplicated and a new daughter strand is forming so in order to end with two daughter strands two replication cycles will be needed
What does it mean for DNA to be replicated?
DNA replication is known as the process that copies DNA from a cell before it goes through mitosis to be divided
The role of the helicases is to utilize the energy derived from nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis to translocate along nucleic acid strands, unwind/separate the helical structure of double-stranded nucleic acid, and, in some cases, disrupt protein-nucleic acid interactions.
Explain topoisomerase
Topoisomerase is an enzyme used in the beginning of DNA replication, it’s function is to untwist the double helix ahead of DNA helicase
What is the purpose of the RNA primer?
made by DNA primase and synthesis RNA molecules from synthesized DNA
What is the purpose of initiator proteins?
the proteins that recognize a specific DNA sequence within the origin of replication
What is the main purpose of the replication fork?
to separate the double helix replicate each strand.
What is the purpose of the replication bubble?
The unwound and open region of DNA where DNA replication occurs.
How many DNA strands are made (total) after 2 rounds of DNA synthesis?
eight