Active Duty
These three proteins allow the DNA helix to open for replication.
What are Topoisomerase, Helicase, and Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Proteins (SSBs)?
These were the isotopes used in Messelson and Stahl's experiments on DNA replication.
What are N14 and N15?
This is the direction of synthesis in the lagging strand.
What is 5' to 3'?
Telomerase adds repeating sequences to the end of a DNA strand, making it ___-dependent and ___-synthesizing.
What is RNA-dependent, DNA-synthesizing?
The cell domain with multiple origins of replication
What are Eukaryotes?
This enzymatic activity can hydrolyze nucleic acid within the internal structure of DNA.
What is endonuclease activity?
After they completed their experiments, Messelson and Stahl used this term to describe DNA replication.
What is semiconservative?
This is the direction that the template molecule is read in nucleic acid synthesis.
What is 3' to 5'?
DNA Polymerase III attaches to RNA primer with a clamp protein, creates a new strand in the 5' to 3' direction, and is ___-dependent, ___-synthesizing.
What is DNA-dependent, DNA-synthesizing?
This is the location of prokaryotic DNA replication.
What is the cytoplasm?
This activity allows DNA Polymerase I to remove primers, and is separate from DNA Pol I's DNA synthesizing ability.
What is exonuclease activity?
These three enzymes in Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty's experiments helped determine that DNA is the main source of genetic information in cells.
What are DNAse, RNAse, and protease?
This is the direction in which RNA primers are removed by DNA Polymerase I.
What is 5' to 3'?
Primase allows Okazaki fragments to be synthesized on the lagging strand, and is ___-dependent, ___-synthesizing.
What is DNA-dependent, RNA-synthesizing?
Archaeal DNA replication is the most similar to this domain's DNA replication.
What is Eukaryotic DNA replication?
This eukaryotic-specific enzyme contains a built-in RNA sequence and prevents the shortening of chromosomes.
What is telomerase?
After 2 generations, semiconservative replication has this ratio of N14-to-Hybrid DNA.
What is 1:1?
DNA Polymerase needs this group to begin synthesizing a new strand.
What is a free 3' -OH group?
DNA Polymerase I replaces primers, and is ___-dependent, ___-synthesizing.
What is DNA-dependent, DNA-synthesizing?
This is the percentage of DNA replication is completed before M-phase in Eukaryotes.
What is 100%?
This function of DNA ligase distinguishes it from DNA Polymerase I.
What is sealing nicks in newly synthesized DNA by joining adjacent nucleotides with a phosphodiester linkage?
This is the only form of replication that can be concluded to be inaccurate after only 1 round of replication in Messelson and Stahl's experiment.
What is conservative replication?
During proofreading, DNA polymerase detects a mismatch and digests the linkages of the newly made strand in this direction.
What is 3' to 5'?
What is ligase?
The shape of a chloroplast and mitochondrial chromosome.
What is circular?