Enzymes
Which enzyme separates the two strands to make a replication fork?
Helicase
Which direction does DNA polymerase add nucleotides to the growing strand?
5' to 3'
Is DNA replication conservative or semi-conservative? Say why for 50 extra points!
Semi-conservative
Which enzyme adds RNA primers to the DNA template to begin replication?
RNA primase
In DNA replication, which strand is synthesized continuously?
Leading strand
What are the two types of nitrogenous bases? Be specific.
Which enzyme helps to prevent supercoiling?
Topoisomerase
What are the short DNA segments formed on the lagging strand during replication called?
Okazaki fragments
What are the three steps in DNA replication?
1. Strand Separation
2. Building Complementary Strand
3. Dealing With Errors
In what order do the DNA Polymerase enzymes act?
III, I, II
During replication, why does the lagging strand require multiple primers?
Because it is synthesized in short fragments, and each fragment needs a new primer.
What is the specific type of ATP used by DNA polymerase?
Nucleoside triphosphate
Which enzymes bind to exposed DNA strands and prevent annealing? (full name for full points)
Single-stranded binding proteins
DNA replication occurs during which phase of the cell cycle?
S Phase
Who discovered that DNA replication was semi-conservative?
Meselson and Stahl