Unzipping & Stabilizing
This enzyme breaks hydrogen bonds to separate DNA strands.
What is helicase?
This molecule provides the starting point for DNA replication.
What is an RNA primer?
DNA polymerase builds the new strand in this direction only.
What is 5’ to 3’?
This enzyme removes RNA primers from the DNA strand.
What is exonuclease?
The individual building blocks added to a growing DNA strand.
What are DNA nucleotides?
These proteins prevent separated DNA strands from rejoining.
What are Single-Stranded Binding (SSB) proteins?
This enzyme attaches RNA primers to the DNA strand.
What is primase?
The strand that is built continuously toward the replication fork.
What is the leading strand?
After primers are removed, this enzyme replaces them with DNA nucleotides.
What is DNA polymerase?
This enzyme is referred as the unzipper.
What is helicase?
This enzyme relieves tension and relaxes supercoiled DNA ahead of the replication fork.
What is topoisomerase?
RNA primers are necessary because DNA polymerase cannot do this on its own.
What is start DNA synthesis?
The strand built in short segments away from the replication fork.
What is the lagging strand?
This enzyme joins Okazaki fragments together.
What is ligase?
The enzyme responsible for proofreading and fixing replication errors and building new DNA strand.
What is DNA polymerase?
Helicase breaks these specific bonds between complementary base pairs.
What are hydrogen bonds?
DNA polymerase need tos begin at blank direction to add nucleotides
5' to 3'
These are the differences of lagging and leading strand
What is lagging stand has Okazaki fragments and built in the 3' to 5' direction?
After RNA primers are removed, these gaps must be filled before ligase can seal the strand.
What are DNA nucleotides?
Short DNA fragments formed on the lagging strand.
What are Okazaki fragments?
If topoisomerase did not function properly, this would build up ahead of the replication fork.
What is supercoiling (torsional strain/tension)?
Primase is unique because it builds this type of nucleic acid instead of DNA.
RNA
The reason Okazaki fragments occur
What is lagging stand is formed in 3' to 5' direction and DNA polymerase builds in the 5' to 3' direction.
This enzyme forms this type of bond to permanently join DNA fragments together.
What is ligase?
It is called the errors of DNA