DNA #1
What is the name of the enzyme used to build DNA molecules
DNA polymerase
Cells must copy their DNA before they do what?
Cell division
Proteins that can build up or break down substances they act upon
Enzymes
What are the 2 directions of the DNA strands called?
5' to 3' and 3' to 5'
What does the addition of Topoisomerase to DNA not allow for DNA to do?
Supercoil/Coil on itself
What is the name of the enzyme that goes back through and seals the broken strands back together?
Ligase
What is the first step in DNA replication?
DNA Helicase unwinds the DNA molecule
Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
This is the strand of DNA that is replicated continuously
Leading strand
If Primase was inactive/not working what would happen to the replication process and why?
Stop, DNA Polymerase not able to synthesize.
Name the 3 parts of the nucleotide
What is Phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous bases
What enzyme proofreads DNA?
DNA polymerase
What is the complementary DNA strand of CGTATG?
GCATAC
Why is the lagging strand slower to copy?
DNA polymerase has to keep going back to copy in multiple segments
complementary strands are synthesized by DNA Polymerase, what is the name of this step.
Elongation
Where does DNA replication take place in a Eukaryotic Cell?
Nucleus
What enzyme uncoils DNA so it can be replicated?
Helicase
What type of molecule is put down by the enzyme primase?
RNA
What type of bonds join base pairs on DNA?
Hydrogen Bonds
What is the name of the proteins used in the replication process to prevent the replication fork from rewinding?
Single- Stranded Binding Proteins (SSB's)
DNA is replicated during what part of interphase?
S-phase
Where do new DNA strands grow from?
Replication Fork
The short segments of the lagging strand are called what?
Okazaki fragments
What direction can DNA polymerase copy in?
5' to 3'
The process of ending DNA Replication is called
Termination