DNA Replication and Protein Synthesis Review

DNA Replication

100

What is the monomer of DNA?

Nucleotide

200

Identify the model describing replication with new copies of DNA with one old strand and one new strand.

semi-conservative

300

What 3 things make up a nucleotide?

Sugar, phophate, nitrogen base

400

Name 3 differences between DNA and RNA.

DNA: Deoxyribose, double helix, thymine

RNA: Ribose, single strand, uracil

500

What is the role of helicase and DNA polymerase?

Helicase: unzips the DNA

DNA Polymerase: adds nucleotide bases and proofreads its work

More DNA Replication

100

Why is DNA replication called semiconservative?

1/2 from the original strand, 1/2 from the new strand

200

What is DNA's main job?

Holds our genetic information and instructions for how to make proteins

300

State the base pair rules for DNA

Adenine with Guanine and Cytosine with Thymine

400

What are the base-pairing rules for DNA?

AND how many hydrogen bonds are between each of them?

A-T : 2 hydrogen bonds

C-G : 3 hydrogen bonds

500

One strand of DNA reads as follows:

5' TTAGCGAAGGGACT 3'

What is the corresponding DNA strand?

3' AATCGCTTCCCTGA 5'

Protein Synthesis

100

What is the sugar for DNA?

What is the sugar for RNA?

Deoxyribose

Ribose

200

How many stop codons are there?

3

300

What is the only enzyme that helps during transcription?

RNA Polymerase

-it opens up the DNA and pairs nucleotides to the mRNA strand

400

What are the 2 things on a tRNA molecule?

Anticodon and amino acid

500

Transcribe and Translate the following DNA strand:

GGTACCCCAATACTAGC

DNA: GGTACCCCAATACTAGC

RNA: CCAUGGGGUUAUGAUCG

A.A.: met-gly-leu-stop

*Ignore the letters that come before AUG and after the stop codon!

More Protein Synthesis

100

State the location of translation

cytoplasm/ribosome

200

what molecule leaves the nucleus to enter cytoplasm

mRNA

300

Write the 'central dogma'

DNA     ->     RNA     ->     Protein

Transcription         Translation

400

Name the nucleotide found in RNA but not DNA

uracil

500

There are 3 types of RNA.  Name them and one role of each.

mRNA (messenger): gathers the information from DNA in the nucleus and takes it to the ribosomes

tRNA (transfer): has anticodons that match up with mRNA to bring amino acids to the ribosomes

rRNA (ribosomal): makes ribosomes

Rando

100

What day of the week is St Patrick's Day this year?

Monday

200

What is the first Spanish language album nominated for album of the year at the Grammys

Un Verano Sin Ti

300

Name the protagonist in the animated film, "A Bug's Life"

Flik

400

(According to ChatGPT) - what drink at Starbucks has the most sugar?

Java Chip Frappuccino (80g)

or. White Chocolate Mocha (46g)

500

What are the names of the Amoeba Sisters?

Brianna Rapini

Sarina Peterson