DNA
The three parts of the DNA nucleotide (building block; monomer)
What are deoxyribose sugar; phosphate group and nitrogenous base
The sugar that is found in RNA
What is ribose
The location where RNA is translated to protein
what is a ribosome
A group of genes that are regulated together
What is an operon
Protein that binds to the DNA at the promoter or enhancer region that influences transcription of a gene
What is a transcription factor
The 4 nitrogenous bases of DNA
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine & Cytosine
The sequence of nucleotide bases on mRNA that would complement the following bases on DNA:
ATTCGCAGT
What is UAAGCGUCA
DNA is copied into a strand of RNA during this step of protein synthesis
What is transcription?
What is necessary for E. Coli Lac genes to be turned on (hint: lac operon)
Lactose must be present and glucose must be absent
The site of RNA polymerase binding to DNA for transcription of mRNA
What is promoter
Two things that happen in the nucleus involving DNA
What are DNA replication & transcription
Three main types of RNA
What are messenger RNA (mRNA); transfer RNA (tRNA) and ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Components of transfer RNA
What are anticodons and amino acids
Heritable changes that do not involve changes in the DNA sequence
What is epigenetics
Protein that DNA wraps around
What is a histone
This enzyme adds nucleotides to synthesize a complimentary strand of DNA
What is DNA polymerase
Three differences between the structure of RNA and DNA
What are 1) DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded 2) DNA has deoxyribose whereas RNA has ribose and 3) DNA has thymine while RNA has Uracil
Group of three bases on a mRNA molecule that specify a particular amino acid to be incorporated onto a protein
What is a codon?
Protein that binds to the operator of prokaryotic genes to prevent transcripton
Repressor
Location(s) of ribosomes in eukaryotic cells
Endoplasmic reticulum and cytoplasm
The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes that are associated with aging.
What are telomeres?
What is central dogma
Bond between the two amino acids
What is peptide bond?
This cause DNA to wrap tightly around histone while this causes DNA to be packed more loosely allowing RNA polymerase to transcribe DNA
What are methylation and acetylation
Since DNA cannot be synthesized continuously on both template strands, these structures form on the lagging strands and are joining by DNA ligase
What are Okazaki fragments?