Enzymes
Structures
Order of Processes
Vocabulary
Grab Bag
100
This is the enzyme that "unzips the genes"
What is helicase?
100
This is the word for the shape of DNA
What is a double-helix?
100

Step 1

What is helicase unzips the genes, forms a replication fork

100

This term describes the process by which a DNA molecule is copied to create two identical DNA molecules.

What is DNA Replication

100
The name of the area where DNA begins to replicate/copy/divide
What is the replication fork?
200
This is the enzyme that adds new nucleotide bases to the parent or template strand to form a new DNA strand
What is DNA Polymerase III
200
The four nucleotide bases
What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine?
200

Step 2

RNA Primase adds primers

200

These short DNA fragments are synthesized on the lagging strand and are later joined together by ligase

What are Okazaki Fragments

200
The complimentary strand to a template DNA strand that reads "CAT TAC GCT"
What is "GTA ATG CGA"?
300
This is the enzyme that links all the bases on the lagging strand together
What is DNA Ligase?
300
The partnering of nucleotide bases on DNA ...
What is A=T, G=C
300

Step 3

DNA Polymerase III adds nucleotides

300

This is the region where the two DNA strands are separated and replication begins.

What is the replication fork

300

The 5 enzymes of DNA replication in the correct order

What is helicase, rna primase, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, ligase.

400
The enzyme that replaces the RNA primers on the lagging strand?
What is Polymerase I
400
These are the fragments formed on the lagging strand by DNA Polymerase III.
What are Okazaki fragments?
400

Step 4

DNA polymerase I removes primers and creates Okazaki fragments

400

This term refers to the overall direction in which DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands.

What is 5' to 3' direction?

400

This rule states that in any given DNA molecule, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of cytosine equals the amount of guanine.

What is Chargaff's rule?

500
This tells the DNA polymerase to begin adding new bases to the template LAGGING strand?
What is RNA primase?
500
The difference between RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (DEOXYribonucleic acid)
What is an oxygen molecule?
500

Step 5

DNA ligase links Okazaki fragments. You end up with 2 strands "daughter" of DNA from 1 "parent" strand

500

This molecule provides the starting point for DNA synthesis by creating a short RNA sequence.

What is an RNA primer?

500

These are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA that pair specifically with each other (A with T, and G with C).

What are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine?

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