enzymes
A limitation of DNA polymerase III Is that it cannot add new nucleotides without the direct action/product of which enzyme?
Primase
what must be present for DNA polymerase to add nucleotides to the elongating DNA strand?
RNA primers
what is the correct name of the fragments of the lagging strand?
okazaki
What is DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
what phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
S phase
what protein is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix
helicase
what is the first step of DNA replication?
double helix unwinds/ initiation
what is the origin of DNA replication called?
replication fork
This is a property of water that allows it to pull on other water molecules
Cohesive property
whats the difference between the leading and the lagging strand?
Which replication protein links the Okazaki fragments of the lagging strand?
DNA ligase
what do single strand binding proteins do for the process?
keep the DNA open
What causes a DNA fragment to be formed the 5' to 3' direction?
Polarity causes DNA polymerase III to only add nucleotides to the 3' end of a DNA strand.
This is one of the characteristics of life that organisms possess to maintain a stable internal environment
Homeostasis
where does DNA replication occur in eukaryotic cells?
nucleus
which protein is responsible for the removal of the RNA primer from the 5' end of a lagging strand of DNA, and replacing it with the DNA nucleotides?
DNA polymerase 1
What is the purpose of DNA proofreading during DNA replication?
makes sure the DNA is accurate and the proofreading detects and corrects errors in replication.
How does DNA polymerase elongate the strand of DNA?
by adding nucleotides and binding them with phosphodiester bonds
This is a part of the cell that modifies and packs the proteins taken from vesicles
Golgi Apparatus
what does it mean that DNA replication is semi-conservative?
both double strands have a newly created strand and an original template strand
what is the role of topiosomerasoe in DNA replication?
It helps relieve the twisting of the DNA molecules
what can remove segments of damaged nucleotides?
DNA Polymerase
In order to seal the okazaki fragments together, what must be done?
DNA Polymerase 1 must excise the existing RNA primers and add complementary nucleotide bases which will then be sealed by ligase.
During photosynthesis, what molecule is oxidized to release the electrons to replace those lost in the Photosystem.
Water
where does DNA replication occur in prokaryotic cells?
Cytoplasm specifically in the nucleoid