Enzymes
Structures
Order of Processes
Leading, Lagging, or Both?
Grab Bag
100
This is the enzyme that "unzips the genes"
What is helicase?
100
This is the word for the shape of DNA
What is a double-helix?
100
Step 1
What is helicase unzips the genes, forms a replication fork
100
Copies from the 5' to the 3' end
What is the leading strand
100

The name of the area where DNA begins to replicate/copy/divide

What is the origin?

200

This is the enzyme that adds new nucleotide bases to the parent or template strand to form a new DNA strand

What is DNA Polymerase 

200

The four nucleotide bases

What are Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine?

200

Step 2

Primase adds RNA primers to both leading and lagging strands. 

200
Uses Helicase, DNA Polymerase III & I, RNA primase, and DNA ligase
What is the lagging strand
200
The complimentary strand to a template DNA strand that reads "CAT TAC GCT"
What is "GTA ATG CGA"?
300

This is the enzyme that links all the bases on the lagging strand together

What is DNA Ligase?

300
The partnering of nucleotide bases on DNA ...
What is A=T, G=C
300

Step 3

DNA Polymerase starts adding nucleotides to the leading strand.

300
Copies in the 3' to the 5' direction
What is the lagging strand?
300

The combination of multiple histones that have DNA wrapped around them.

What is a nucleosome?

400

The enzyme that places the RNA primers on the leading strand

What is Primase?

400
These are the fragments formed on the lagging strand by DNA Polymerase III.
What are Okazaki fragments?
400

Step 4

DNA polymerase adds complimentary bases in the 5' to 3' direction, forming Okazaki fragments

400
Forms Okazaki fragments
What is the lagging strand
400
After helicase unzips the genes, these hold the template strands of DNA in place so that they do not wind back up.
What are single-stranded binding proteins?
500

This tells the DNA polymerase to begin adding new bases to the template strand?

What is primase?

500

The difference between RNA (ribonucleic acid) and DNA (DEOXYribonucleic acid)

What is an oxygen molecule?

500
Step 5
DNA ligase links Okazaki fragments. You end up with 2 strands "daughter" of DNA from 1 "parent" strand
500

Uses ligase to join together new strand fragments

What is the lagging strand?

500
The name of the protein that DNA wraps itself around to form nucleosomes, which then form supercoils, which them forms chromosomes
What are histones?
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