DNA Replication
In DNA, Adenine pairs with ________.
Thymine
Genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA through this process.
Transcription
What is made by the end of translation?
Proteins (amino acid chains)
Which scientist created the base pair rules for DNA nucleotides?
Chargaff
Errors that occur during DNA replication
Mutations
In DNA, Guanine pairs with what?
Cytosine
What does RNA stand for?
Ribonucleic acid
What is the START codon? (The protein)
Met
Which scientist took the first picture of DNA's double helix?
Rosalind Franklin
Almost all mutations are what?
Neutral
Original DNA strand: ATGCGT
What would the complementary DNA base pairs be?
TACGCA
Which RNA molecule is the complementary strand to DNA during transcription?
mRNA
This RNA molecule transfers the amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome to build a protein.
transferRNA
Which scientist(s) created the first DNA model?
Watson & Crick
These mutations change the structure of the whole chromosome and usually do not result in a living being.
Chromosomal mutations
Which enzyme reads and copies the DNA strand into its complementary DNA strand?
DNA polymerase
A nucleotide sequence composed of 3 nucleotides that code for a protein is called a ___________.
Codon
True or False: The same tRNA can link to different codons and amino acids
False
Which scientists won the Nobel Prize for "discovering" DNA's double helix?
Watson & Crick
What is the worst type of frameshift mutation and where would be the worst place for it to occur?
Insertion, in the beginning of the sequence
What are the three components of a nucleotide in DNA?
Nitrogenous base, Phosphate group, Deoxyribose sugar
Transcribe the following DNA strand:
AGGTTC
UCCAAG
Translate the RNA strand:
AUGUUUAAUUGA
Start - Phe - Asn - Stop
What is the central dogma of biology?
Transcription -> Translation -> Protein Synthesis
DNA -> RNA -> Proteins
A mutation occurs that changes AGC to ACC, what will happen to the resulting protein?
Ser -> Thr