Definitions
A double stranded molecule that has stores all of your genetic information
DNA
A cell is...
In DNA, what would pair with Adenine?
Thymine!
What is a NONenvironmental factor that causes mutations?
Mistakes in DNA replication
What is the purpose of using a microscope?
A single stranded molecule that is a messenger to create proteins that result in our traits
RNA
What is the nucleus?
The "brain" of the cell.
In DNA, what would pair with Cytosine?
Guanine!
What is an ENVIORNMENTAL factor that causes mutations?
External agents like UV light, X-rays, chemicals in tobacco smoke, viruses
What are "genes" ?
Segments of DNA that code for a trait
A permanent change to your DNA that may result in a different trait
Mutation
What is stored in the cell's nucleus?
DNA
What base does RNA have that DNA does not?
Uracil!
Give an example of a POSITIVE mutation
Anything that helps the living thing survive
e.g. Bacteria resistance for bacteria, sickle cell disease when faced with malaria, stronger muscles, etc.
What are chromosomes?
Tightly wound up DNA
The process of DNA converting into RNA
Transcription
What happens to your cells when you scrape your knee?
You will lose/damage those cells!
Uracil!
Give an example of a NEGATIVE mutation
Anything that negatively harms the living thing or results in death
e.g.
Some genetic disorders
What RNA strand would match with the following DNA template strand?
ATG GTA
UAC CAU
The process of RNA converting into amino acids (protein)
Translation
How do we get new cells and what is the process called?
Cells duplicate and divide in a process called MITOSIS
What would the complementary DNA strand be to this DNA template strand:
AAT GCC
TTA CGG
Give an example of a NEUTRAL mutation.
Anything that isn't necessarily good or bad
e.g. blue eyes
What is the correct order of protein synthesis (making more DNA)?
DNA-> mRNA -> Amino Acid (protein)