DNA & RNA Structure
What pairs with A in DNA?
T.
What is transcription?
The use of DNA to make mRNA.
What is a mutation?
A change in the DNA sequence
What is an undifferentiated cell?
Stem cell
Who was not credited for the discovery of the DNA double helix?
Who was given original credit for the discovery of the double helix?
Watson and Crick.
What is translation?
The process of making mRNAs into proteins (amino acids)
What is a point mutation?
When bases are mismatched
What makes some cells different?
Some genes are turned on, some are not.
Name the three types of RNA with the full name.
mRNA- Messenger RNA
tRNA- Transport RNA
rRNA- Ribosome RNA
What is the location of DNA?
The nucleus
What do you use to code mRNA into Amino Acids?
Codon Chart
What is it caused by?
Drugs, UV light, X-rays
Stem cells have ____ DNA still on.
Most/all
What always ends a DNA sequence?
stop codon
_____ is the process by which DNA copies itself.
Replication
Code this DNA to mRNA
ATG CTG CTA GCC CAT ATG
UAC GAC GAU CGG GUA UAC
What is a frameshift?
Insertion or deletion in a DNA strand
Adult stem cells have some _____, and are limited in what they can become
differentiation
What is the codon for methionine?
AUG
What is the function of RNA?
Carries info from the DNA to the ribosome to make proteins.
Which molecule transports the information from the nucleus to the ribosome?
mRNA
When is it not harmful to mismatch your bases?
When a DNA is carried into mRNA but still results in the correct amino acid.
True or False: Embryonic stem cells have no differentiation and can become anything.
True
Code the following mRNA to DNA:
AUG UUU GCU UAC UAA AAG
TAC AAA CGA ATG ATT TTC